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Slide 1: Technology in Action Chapter 3 Using the Internet: Making the Most of the Web’s Resources Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 1
Slide 2: The Origin of the Internet • ARPANET or Darpanet – Advanced Research Projects Agency Network – Funded by the U.S. government in the 1960s for national defense – Allowed computers at leading universities and research organizations to communicate with each other over great distances to test the system Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 2
Slide 3: The Web vs. the Internet • The Web is part of the Internet, distinguished by: – Common communication protocols – Special links (hyperlinks) – Use of the mouse to choose next step • 1989: Web invented by Tim Berners-Lee • 1993: Mosaic browser • 1994: Netscape: beginning of the Web’s major growth Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 3
Slide 4: Internet Communications • Instant messaging (IM) • Podcasts • Blogs and vlogs (video logs) • Webcasts • Wikis • Voice over Internet (VoIP) • E-mail Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 4
Slide 5: Instant Messaging • Real-time, textbased conversations • List of contacts: buddy list • Contacts must be online • IM software detects presence • Example: AOL Instant Messenger Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 5
Slide 6: Podcasts • Podcasts: Compressed audio/video files distributed on the Internet • RSS (Really Simple Syndication) technology allows constant updates for subscribers • Podcasts are all over the Web – Need “aggregator” software to gather podcasts – Need media player software to play them • Simple to create Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 6
Slide 7: Blogs and Vlogs • Weblogs: blogs – Available to the public – Simple to create, read, and manage – Entries listed on a single page, with most recent entry at the top – Searchable • Video blogs: vlogs (YouTube) – Digital video clips playable on media player software Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 7
Slide 8: Webcasts and Wikis • Webcasts: Broadcasts of audio/visual content over the Internet – Not updated automatically – Use streaming media • Wikis: Web sites that allow anyone to change their content – Provide source for collaborative writing Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 8
Slide 9: Voice over Internet Protocol • VoIP: Using the Internet to place phone calls • Uses technology similar to e-mail to send voice data digitally • Requires speakers, a microphone, an Internet connection, and a VoIP provider • Services differ: – – – – Free services require an account on both ends. Paid services connect phone to computer. Cable/DSL providers offer phone through broadband. WiFi IP phones call through Internet hotspots and wireless networks See next slide. 9 Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
Slide 10: Make & RECEIVE CALLS THROUGH SECURE WIRELESS NETWORKS The Wi-Fi Phone is a standalone device that does not require a computer to use. All you need is an 802.11g or 802.11b wireless network with highspeed Internet access to make and receive calls1. Use it at home, hotels, offices, airports, Internet cafes, school campuses, or just about anywhere there is a wireless connection available . In addition, with a growing number of Wi-Fi hotspots and metropolitan areas deploying low-cost or free high-speed wireless Internet connection, you have more places available to make and receive VoIP calls. This Wi-Fi Phone uses Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) and is ready to be used with an Internet (VoIP) phone service plan. For accessing secure wireless networks, the Wi-Fi Phone supports WEP, WPA, and WPA2 encryption. With features like echo cancellation, packet delay compensation, and lost packet recovery, you can expect the voice quality from the Wi-Fi phone to be similar to traditional phones calls.
Slide 11: Voice over Internet Protocol Advantages • Free (Skype) or low cost (Vonage) • Portability • Convenience Disadvantages • Sound quality • Less reliability • Loss of service when power is interrupted • Security issues Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 11
Slide 12: E-mail • Electronic mail • E-mail accounts – Client-based – Web-based Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 12
Slide 13: Group Communication • Internet social networks (Facebook) • Multiplayer online game services • Chat rooms • Newsgroups • Listservs Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 13
Slide 14: Social Networks • Social networks: online personal networks – MySpace.com and Facebook.com • Members share common interests. • Members communicate by voice, chat, IM, video, and blogs. • Members create personalized profiles. • Growth has been explosive. • Risks must be recognized and reduced. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 14
Slide 15: Multiplayer Online Game Services • Multiplayer online games: play occurs over the Internet among many other players • Persistent or ever-on game environment • Some games let you interact with other players Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 15
Slide 16: Chat Rooms • Real-time, text-based conversations • Rooms can focus on specific topics or interests or be general interest • Identity protection – Username • Netiquette: rules of polite interaction Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 16
Slide 17: Newsgroups and Listservs • Newsgroups – Online discussion forums – Members post and reply to messages – Create or respond to “threads” • Listservs – Electronic mailing lists of e-mail addresses of people interested in a topic – Threads are sent as e-mails – Less public than newsgroups Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 17
Slide 18: Web Entertainment • Multimedia: – Involves forms of media and text • Graphics • Audio • Video – Streaming audio and video – Some files require a plug-in program Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 18
Slide 19: E-Commerce • E-Commerce: conducting business online – Business-to-consumer (B2C) – Business-to-business (B2B) – Consumer-to-consumer (C2C) Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 19
Slide 20: E-Commerce Safeguards • Online transactions can be safer than traditional retail shopping. • VeriSign is a company that certifies that online transactions are secure. • A closed padlock icon indicates a secure Web site. • The URL changes from http:// to https://. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 20
Slide 21: Online Shopping Guidelines • Shop at well-known, reputable sites. • Pay by credit card, not debit card. • Check the return policy. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 21
Slide 22: Online Annoyances • • • • • • Spam Cookies Adware/pop-ups Spyware Malware Phishing, Pharming and hoaxes Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 22
Slide 23: Spam • Junk e-mail • Avoid spam: – Separate e-mail account – Spam filters – Antispam practices Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 23
Slide 24: Cookies • Text files stored on client computers when visiting Web sites • Used on return visits to Web sites • Unique ID number • Personal information remembered • Privacy risk Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 24
Slide 25: Malware • Software that has a malicious intent • Spyware is a form of malware • Other forms are viruses, worms, and Trojan horses • Designed to render a computer useless or to penetrate it completely Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 25
Slide 26: Adware and Pop-Ups • Adware – Programs that download on your PC when you install/use other software – Enable sponsored ads to appear in your browser window or as pop-ups • Pop-ups can be eliminated by pop-up blockers. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 26
Slide 27: Spyware • Added as a program piggybacked with a requested program • Gathers information, usually about surfing habits • Antivirus software doesn’t detect it • Spyware removal programs are required Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 27
Slide 28: Phishing and Hoaxes • Phishing – Phony communication that attempts to scam someone into revealing personal information – Often looks very official • Pharming --going to a phony web site that looks like the one you misspelled to get account numbers and passwords • Hoaxes – Contain information that is untrue – May request that people send money Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 28
Slide 29: Navigating the Web: Web Browsers • • • • Computer software Graphical Enables Web navigation Popular browsers: – Internet Explorer – Mozilla’s Firefox – Apple’s Safari – Opera – Camino (Mac OS X) Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 29
Slide 30: Browser Features • Quick tabs: Show thumbnail images of all open Web pages in open tabs • Tabbed browsing: Multiple pages available in same browser window Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 30
Slide 31: Getting Around the Web • • • • Web sites URLs Hyperlinks Favorites and bookmarks • follows Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 31
Slide 32: Web Sites • Web site: – Collection of related Web pages – First page known as home or index page • Web page: – HTML document • Text and graphics – Unique address – Hyperlinks Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 32
Slide 33: URLs • URL: – Uniform Resource Locator – Unique Web site address URL Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 33
Slide 34: Current Unsponsored TLDs Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 34
Slide 35: Current Sponsored TLDs Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 35
Slide 36: Hyperlinks Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 36
Slide 37: Favorites and Bookmarks • List of favorite Web pages • Easy method of returning to Web pages • IE and Safari = Favorites • Firefox = Bookmarks Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 37
Slide 38: Search Engines • User keys word or phrase in search box • “Spider” or “Web crawler” program scans Web pages • Results are indexed and sent to the client Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 38
Slide 39: Subject Directories • Web pages organized by topics and subtopics • Do not use keywords to search • Narrow search by clicking on subfolders Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 39
Slide 40: Boolean Operators • Boolean operators: Used to refine searches Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 40
Slide 41: Evaluating Web Sites • Who is the author of the article or Web site sponsor? • Is the site biased? • Is the information current? • Toward what audience is the site geared? • Are links available? Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 41
Slide 42: Internet Basics • Clients and servers • Connecting to the Internet • Finding an Internet service provider Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 42
Slide 43: Clients and Servers • The Internet is a client/server network. • Client computer: – Users connected to the Internet – Requests data and Web pages • Server computer: – Stores Web pages and data – Returns the requested data to the client • IP addresses Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 43
Slide 44: Connecting to the Internet • Dial-up connections • Broadband connections – Cable – Satellite – DSL Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 44
Slide 45: Broadband Connections • Cable – Uses coaxial cable and a cable modem – Fast connection speed – Speed depends on number of users – Not available in all areas Coaxial cable Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 45
Slide 46: Broadband Connections • Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) – Uses telephone lines – Faster than dial-up – Doesn’t tie up phone line – Requires special DSL modem Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 46
Slide 47: Broadband Connections • Fiber-Optic Service (FiOS) – Sends light through fiber optics – Fast – Expensive – Available only in certain areas Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 47
Slide 48: Wireless • Increases mobility and productivity • Requires WiFi (wireless fidelity) hotspot • Requires either internal or external wireless access card for device • Aircards provide wireless access through cellphones when WiFi hotspot is not available Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 48
Slide 49: Dial-Up Connections • Use standard telephone line • Require a modem to convert analog and digital signals • Slowest connection speed (56K) Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 49
Slide 50: Comparing Internet Connection Options Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 50
Slide 51: Internet Service Providers • Provide user access to the Internet • National, regional, or local companies • Broadband connection: broadband provider is your ISP • Dial-up connection: need to determine ISPs available in your area Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 51
Slide 52: Future of the Internet • Large Scale Networking (LSN) – Research and development of cutting-edge networking and wireless technologies • Internet2 – Project sponsored by universities, government, and industry to develop new Internet technologies – Internet2 backbone supports transmission speeds of 9.6 Gbps Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 52