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Slide 1: THE CAUSES OF THE GREAT DEPRESSION THE RESULTS OF THE GREAT DEPRESSION Movies Instructions sources
Slide 2:    This sight is meant for you to use as a guide for this unit. Use this as a reference tool in lectures and projects. To navigate this power point simply press on the word or button to go to the specified place. The movies link will get you out of the power point but just click on the slide when done watching the videos and it will bring you back Main menu
Slide 3:      FDR’s talks to America News Reels Documentaries Interviews Others… To watch these movies you must have access to you tube, if not come and see me  Main menu
Slide 4:     Dorothea Lang's Famed Photo of a California Mig The Grapes of Wrath (John Ford, 1940) "I'll be ther The Great Depression (Remember) The Face of the Great Depression Main menu Movies
Slide 5:    Youth Jobs Program During Great Depression The 1929 Stock Market Crash news footage Dust Bowl Narratives Main menu Movies
Slide 6:    1929 The stock market crash Bonus March on Washington, DC: 1932 The Great Depression-facts Main menu Movies
Slide 7:    Discussing the Great Depression(wall street journal) The Great Dust Storms-interview Memere Interview Part 1 Main menu Movies
Slide 8:      FDR Fireside chat: the banking crisis #1 1933/3/12 FDR Fireside Chat #2, Better Wage Promises 1933/5/8 FDR Economic Recovery Plan, Fireside Chat #4 1933/10/23 FDR Fireside Chat #5, Report On Recovery 1934/6/27 FDR Sees Fear Vanishing, Fireside Chat #7 1935/4/29 Day of Infamy speech  Main menu Movies
Slide 9: Banking Workers Farming Working standards Housing Main menu
Slide 10: Emergency Banking Act Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation FIDIC U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission SEC National Industrial Recovery Act Main menu Categories
Slide 11: Categories Main menu Workers Program Association WPA Civilian Conservation Corps CCC Civil Works Program CWP National Recovery Administration NRA Social Security Act SSA Fair Labor Standards Act
Slide 12: Agricultural Adjustment Act AAA Main menu Categories
Slide 13: Federal Housing Administration FHA Main menu Categories
Slide 14:     March 9, 1933 Closed down all failing banks and reorganized them for reopen Within 300 days 5,000 banks reopened – roughly 2/3 of the U.S. banks Produced Glass-Steagall Act of 1933 (FIDIC) Banking Main menu
Slide 15:     Created by the GlassSteagall Act of 1933 Protects peoples deposits in banks A response to the closing of thousands of banks and people loosing all their deposits Restored confidence in the banking system Banking Main menu
Slide 16:    Section 4 of the Securities Exchange act of 1934 regulates secondary trading between individuals and companies which are often unrelated to the original issuers of securities The goal is to increase public trust in the capital markets by requiring uniform disclosure of information about public securities offerings Banking 1939-1940 SEC : Edward C. Eicher (seated - left); Jerome N. Frank (seated - center); Robert E. Healy (standing left); Leon Henderson (seated - right); George C. Mathews (standing - right) Main menu
Slide 17:     Enacted in 1935 by FDR Helped people retire in order to open jobs for younger men Made to prevent elderly poverty, unemployment, and widows with children First program to protect elderly Workers Main menu
Slide 18:      March 21, 1933- workers relief program Get young men out of cities and into the country to work Make jobs for men Worked in agriculture, on highways, in national parks Ended in 1942 due to WWII Workers Main menu
Slide 19:     Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1935 April 8, 1935 Largest employment program in the New Deal at its peak employing 8 million people The program built many public buildings, projects and roads and operated large arts, drama, media and literacy projects. It fed children and redistributed food, clothing and housing. Ended in 1943 due to WWII Main menu Workers
Slide 20:   November 8, 1933 Men worked on:    It hired 4, 000,000 people and paid them high wages Shut down in 1934 due to its high operation cost of 200 million dollars a month Workers construction jobs  mainly improving or constructing buildings and bridges Main menu
Slide 21:   Created by the National Industrial Recovery Act - June 16, 1933 Industries could make “codes of fair competition” setting minimum wages  maximum weekly hours  collectively set minimum prices on products   If businesses did not have the blue eagle in their windows or on their products they were often boycotted Workers Main menu
Slide 22:   June 16, 1933 Allowed the President to:   regulate banks Stimulate the United States economy  Created the National Recovery Administration Main menu Banking
Slide 23:   June 25, 1938 Established a minimum wage  40 cents and hour   Established time and a half for over 40 hours of work Prohibited child labor Main menu Workers
Slide 24:      May 12, 1933 It paid farmers (subsidies) to reduce their crop production surplus Helped raise the value of their crops giving farmers more stability The Administration monitored the distribution of subsidies to farmers Considered first U.S. Farm Bill Farming Main menu
Slide 25:   National Housing Act of 1934 Goals  to improve housing standards and conditions  to provide an adequate home financing system through insurance of mortgage loans  to stabilize the mortgage market  In response to thousands of foreclosures due to the failing bank system, causing the housing market to plummet Housing Main menu
Slide 26: Agriculture Speculation Federal Reserve Mismanagement Myths Main Menu
Slide 27:   The New Deal World War II Main Menu
Slide 28:    The Farming industry had been lagging for most of the 1920s Kept afloat mostly through massive government subsides Not enough demand to keep pace with supply Causes Main Menu
Slide 29:    Despite government backing and money, agriculture still not doing that well Many farms went under in the 1920s The depression in agriculture not fully realized by wall street Causes Main Menu
Slide 30:   Since the economy was slowing down and Wall street did not reflect that a large speculative bubble formed Companies and assets were valued at much more than they were worth Causes Main Menu
Slide 31:    Did not act very quickly to moderate interest rates Moderation of rates is seen as a good way to curb inflation Federal Reserve board largely inactive or simply not active enough Causes Main Menu
Slide 32:     Banking system a total mess in the United States in the 1920s Mostly a large collection of small banks scattered around everywhere Very little centralized banking structure like is in place today This system allowed for many more banks to fail than probably should have Main Menu Causes
Slide 33:   The Great Depression was not caused by the stock market crash in 1929. In fact after the crash, the market actually rebounded for a number of months before going down again. The crash may have been a component of the depression but did not cause it. Agricultural affairs and polices, gross speculation, the Federal Reserve system, and poor management of banks caused it. Main Menu Causes
Slide 34:   Elected to the Presidency in 1932 FDR pushed through a number of pieces of legislation. These were meant to stave off any more immediate economic decline and start to build economic development. Results Main Menu
Slide 35:    Up until the Second World War, a large amount of legislation was passed creating numerous federal programs aimed at providing economic relief. Not to say however that the President did not have his problems with Congress. Reductions to the deal were ground out through partisan politics with the elections of 1938. Results Main Menu
Slide 36:   Contrary to popular belief, it was the Second World War that ended the depression in the United States Huge amounts of production required huge amounts of people Results Main Menu
Slide 37:     Main Menu At the end of the Depression decade 1 in 7 people were still unemployed. That is an employment rate that exceeds 14%. Effects of New Deal on the Depression are debatable however the effects of the Second World War are not. United States emerges from the war not economically beaten or exhausted like Germany and Britain but the world’s sole economic superpower. Results
Slide 38:            http://www.sechistorical.org/collection/photos/1920_0101_commodities.jpg http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons http://www.ssa.gov/history/pics/fdrvalid.jpg http://www.fdrlibrary.marist.edu/images/photodb/27-0809a.gif http://www.wikipedia.org/ http://memory.loc.gov/learn/educators/workshop/greatdepression/GD_PhotoAnalysis.pdf http://newdeal.feri.org/images/y68.jpg http://sporkinthedrawer.typepad.com/photos/uncategorized/2007/04/25/childlabor.jpg Freedom From Fear by David Kennedy The Forgotten Man: A New History of the Great Depression by Amity Shales The Great Crash of 1929 by John Kenneth Galbraith Main menu