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Economy Affects Education 



 

 
 
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Notes:
 
Slide 1: State of the Economy, State of Education Noelle Ellerson American Association of School Administrators February 19, 2009
Slide 2: Overview • Framing Economic Downturn – National Trends – State Trends • How Schools Are Responding – Economic Impact Surveys
Slide 3: Ability Leading Indicators                       Nov ‘07          Nov ’08 Disposable Income Household Debt Yield Curve Inflation Composite   Green     Red   Yellow   Yellow       Yellow   Red      Yellow  Green    Red            Red Source: AASA Symposium: State of the Economy (Paul Traub)
Slide 4: Real Disposable Income Per Household  % Change Year Over Year 8 6 4 2 0 -2 -4 -6 -8 '82 6.6% 0.4%  Oct ­ 4.2% '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04 '06 '08 Source: AASA Symposium: State of the Economy (Paul Traub)
Slide 5: Consumer Debt Payments Installment, Mortgage & Auto Leases % of  Disposable Personal Income 16.0% 15.3%  Sept 15.0% 14.0% 13.0% 12.0% 11.0% '83 '85 '87 '89 '91 '93 '95 '97 '99 '01 '03 '05 '07 '09 Source: AASA Symposium: State of the Economy (Paul Traub)
Slide 6: Consumer Prices All Items, Not Seasonally Adjusted % Change Yr/ Yr 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 -2 -4 '78 '80 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04 '06 '08 '10 Source: AASA Symposium: State of the Economy (Paul Traub) 14.8% 6.3% 3.7%  Oct
Slide 7: Willingness Leading Indicators       Nov ‘07        Nov ‘08 Consumer Attitudes 20 15 10 5 0      Red         Green -1 0 '9 1 '9 2 '9 3 '9 4 '9 5 '9 6 '9 7 '9 8 '9 9 -5 '0 0     Red     Red     Yellow      Red    Red Unemployment Claims    Green Workweek Stock Market Composite     Green      Green Source: AASA Symposium: State of the Economy (Paul Traub)
Slide 8: Consumer Attitudes Index 140 120 128.4 100 80 60 40 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 58.1 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04 '06 '08 48 Oct '10 Source: AASA Symposium: State of the Economy (Paul Traub)
Slide 9: Initial Unemployment Claims 4 Week Moving Average Thousands 700 674 600 501 489 507 500 400 300 287 200 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04 266 287 '06 '08 '10 Source: AASA Symposium: State of the Economy (Paul Traub)
Slide 10: U. S. Unemployment Rate Percent 12.0 10.8 10.0 8.0 6.5  Oct 6.0 4.0 2.0 '82 '84 '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04 '06 '08 '10 Source: AASA Symposium: State of the Economy (Paul Traub)
Slide 11: Consumer Spending Energy Goods & Services % of  Disposable Income 9.0% 8.0% 7.0% 6.0% 5.0% 4.0% 3.0% '59 '64 '69 '74 '79 '84 '89 '94 '99 '04 '09 Source: AASA Symposium: State of the Economy (Paul Traub) 6.5%  Sept
Slide 12: Evolution of Financial Crisis Low Interest Rates Construction Boom Proliferation of Sub Prime Asset Backed Securities Falling Home Prices Housing Collapse Credit Crisis Source: AASA Symposium: State of the Economy (Paul Traub)
Slide 13: Demand for Education Three Determinants of Long­Run Trend 1.  Change in number of households 2.  Change in number of children per household 3.  Replacement of schooling options Source: AASA Symposium: State of the Economy (Paul Traub)
Slide 14: U.S. Economy Necessary Conditions for Returning to Normal Rates of Economic Growth • Housing prices find bottom • Banks willingness/ability to borrow and lend • Energy and commodity prices do not re­test  recent highs • Consumer Attitudes need to improve • Consumer willingness to borrow and spend Source: AASA Symposium: State of the Economy (Paul Traub)
Slide 15: • Two-thirds of States have declining economiesnot yet as widespread as last recession Source:  Don Boyd,  State Revenue Outlook Presentation, Oct. 18 
Slide 16: • Typical declines not yet quite as sharp as in recent recessions Source:  Don Boyd,  State Revenue Outlook Presentation, Oct. 18 
Slide 17: • Wages have slowed a little and nonwage income a lot, but they are not yet as weak as in the last recession. Source:  Don Boyd,  State Revenue Outlook Presentation, Oct. 18 
Slide 18: • Goods consumption is weaker than the last  recession Source:  Don Boyd,  State Revenue Outlook Presentation, Oct. 18 
Slide 19: • State taxes are faring worse than local, but local  taxes are slowing considerably Source:  Don Boyd,  State Revenue Outlook Presentation, Oct. 18 
Slide 20: • Income tax has slowed sharply, sales tax is  declining, and even stable property tax is slowing Source:  Don Boyd,  State Revenue Outlook Presentation, Oct. 18 
Slide 21: • The last crisis was horrible for states, despite the  mild recession. Source:  Don Boyd,  State Revenue Outlook Presentation, Oct. 18 
Slide 22: AASA Economic Impact Surveys • Economic Impact Survey • Opportunity for Federal Funding Survey • School Construction Database Survey • Impact of Economic Downturn on School Jobs  Survey • Launching TODAY: Looking Back, Looking  Forward: How the Economic Downturn Continues  to Impact School Districts
Slide 23: • Thank you for your response to AASA’s request for  information about how your district would benefit  from federal stimulus funding.  • Many of the provisions in this economic recovery act  were driven by data and analysis provided to  congressional staff by AASA, based on input that  hundreds of you have given to us over the past four  months.  • The national snapshot of information you provided  made it possible for AASA staff to help  congressional staff understand the importance of  additional funding to America’s public schools. Thank you! 
Slide 24: AASA Economic Impact Survey Background & Purpose • In response to economic downturn as evidenced in state  budget shortfalls, federal buyouts and interventions, and  a series of additional events characterizing a slowing,  stagnant economy • Feedback from members that schools districts were  beginning to feel the pinch • Examine the impact of the economic downturn:   widespread or more concentrated? • October 2008
Slide 25: Who Completed the Survey? • • Sent to more than 5,600  administrators across the  nation 15% completion rate • • 27% of respondents represented  fiscally dependent districts Longevity of experience was  evenly spread from one year to  more than 15 • Those with 3 or fewer years of  experience were 25% of  responders
Slide 26: Study Overview   Count Rural Suburba n Urban 482 262 86 Total Percent 58.1% 31.6% 10.4% Inadequately  Funded Count Percent 335 157 64 69.5% 59.9% 74.4% Adequately  Funded Count Percent 137 95 22 28.4% 36.3% 25.6% 10 10 0 Surplus Count Percent 2.1% 3.8% 0.0%
Slide 27: Study Overview When superintendents were asked to identify what actions their  districts have already implemented as a result of the economic  downturn, the top responses were: – – – – – – – Altering thermostats (62 percent)  Eliminating non­essential travel (57 percent)  Reducing staff­level hiring (48 percent)  Reducing consumable supplies (48 percent)  Increasing class size (36 percent)  Deferring maintenance (36 percent)  Reducing instructional material (35 percent) 
Slide 28: Study Overview The top actions superintendents have considered but not yet  implemented as a result of the economic downturn are:   – Freezing outside professional service contacts (30  percent)  – Laying off personnel (30 percent)  – Eliminating outside staff development consultants (30  percent)  – Eliminating field trips (35 percent)   – Cutting non­academic programs (26 percent) 
Slide 29: Study Overview When superintendents were asked about the economic­related  problems of the families of students in their districts: – 95% said unemployment has worsened somewhat or a great deal.   – 94% said lack of health insurance has worsened somewhat or a  great deal.  – 91% said student mobility has increased somewhat or a great deal.   – 81% said mortgage foreclosures have worsened somewhat or a  great deal.  – 70% said homelessness has worsened somewhat or a great deal. 
Slide 30: Study Overview The five most common methods superintendents are using  to engage others in the decision­making process are: – – – – – Discussions with the superintendent’s cabinet (81 percent)  Discussions  at open school board meetings (70 percent)   Discussions in school board committees (56 percent)  Established a school­level advisory group (27 percent)  Consulted with legislators or other elected officials (27  percent) 
Slide 31: Study Overview
Slide 32: Opportunity for Education Funding Survey Background & Purpose • Persistent discussion about the inclusion of  education funding in stimulus • Conversations with Hill staff • Examine district needs and timelines • Feedback from almost 800 superintendents  in 48 states
Slide 33: Study Overview • School districts across the country had ready­to­ go projects – 99% identified budget gaps they could fill with federal  funds – 97% had projects that could go to market in 60­90  days • America’s public schools have BILLIONS  of  dollars in both new and back­logged construction  projects – $6,520,400,000 in new construction – $4,493,100,000 in renovation and repairs
Slide 34: Community  Type Study Overview Number of  Responden ts 649 102 43 Number of  Responden ts 451 191 66 43 25 10 5 3 Percent of  Responden ts 82% 13% 6% Percent of  Responden ts 57% 24% 8% 5% 3% 1% 1% 0% New  Constructi on (in  millions) $2,062.77 $1,830.30 $2,559.33 Renovatio n (in  millions) $1,139.61 $1,648.06 $1,685.43 Renovatio n (in  millions) $293.67 $657.45 $480.85 $838.33 $1,223.32 $157.50 $197.00 $625.00 Rural Suburban Urban District Size New  Construction (in millions) $611.39 $1,134.50 $719.03 $616.55 $1,100.70 $99.00 $1,371.23 $800.00 1 ­ 999 1,000 ­ 2,999 3,000 ­ 4,999 5,000 ­ 9,999 10,000 ­ 24,999 25,000 ­ 49,999 50,000 ­ 99,999 100,000 or more
Slide 35: Study Overview • Projects were grouped into four broad categories: – – – – Instructional Materials Technology Related  Facilities Related Transportation • America’s schools have long, broad list of ready­to­go  projects that, with the infusion of one­time federal  funds, would work to both stimulate a stagnating  economy and improve the educational  environment for children.
Slide 36: School Construction Database Survey  Background & Purpose • Based on letters to Capitol Hill detailing the  need for school modernization and  renovation • Used database to track member  correspondence with the Hill  • Provided excellent talking points illustrating  need
Slide 37: Study Overview • We received almost 200 letters.  • New and back­logged construction and  renovation projects total more than  $22 billion 
Slide 38: School Jobs Survey Background & Purpose • Need to quantify impact stimulus would have  on retaining jobs • Information to use in discussions with the  department of education and Congress • Surveyed over 250 superintendents in 46  states
Slide 39: Study Overview • In response to the current economic downturn, schools  across the nation are faced with having to eliminate jobs,  including classroom instructors in all subject areas.  • Responders identified more than 4,600 jobs that would  be cut in the upcoming budget cycle • While attrition accounts for some of the position  eliminations, schools and students face the stark reality  of fewer academic instructors, support staff and  student services staff when they return to school  for the 2009­2010 school year.
Slide 40: Study Overview • 38 percent of the positions to  be eliminated were teaching  positions 17 percent of the positions  slated to be cut were student  services staff (librarians,  nurses, maintenance, cafeteria  and transportation) 33 percent of job cuts were  support staff (teacher aides,  secretaries, central office) • •
Slide 41: Study Overview • More than 60 percent of  the cuts will be direct staff  cuts • Attrition accounts for 25  percent of the projected  job cuts 
Slide 42: Implications and Next Steps • Superintendents in every part of the country are subject  to realities of the economic downturn • While this benchmark data does not predict a trend, it is  difficult to deny that superintendents, in increasing  numbers, are confronted with the current financial crisis  that threatens the progress schools have obtained and  the stability they have enjoyed in the past.
Slide 43: State Stabilization Fund ­ Total $53.6 Billion State stabilization fund­ education $39.5 Billion State Stabilization fund ­general $8.8 Billion Other Education Funds Title I LEAs Title I School Improvement IDEA Part B IDEA Section 619 IDEA Part C ESEA Title II Part D Education Technology State Data Systems Teacher Incentive fund McKinney­Vento Homeless Act $10 Billion $3 Billion $11.3 Billion $400 Million $500 Million $650 Million $250 Million $200 Million $70 Million $74.67 billion for schools!!
Slide 44: Implications and Next Steps • How is the economy affecting the ability of  superintendents to manage budgets and  continue to education students at the highest  academic rigor? • How can state policy assist local school districts  and state departments of education during these  challenging financial times?
Slide 45: What Now? • Looking Back, Looking Forward: How the Economic  Downturn Continues to Impact School Districts • http://www.zoomerang.com/Survey/?p=WEB228TRLKNZVN  • This survey is LIVE on the AASA homepage. • Looking at the 2009­10 school year!
Slide 46: Any questions? Policy Analyst  American Association of School Administrators 801 N. Quincy Street, Suite 700 Arlington, VA 22203 (703) 875­ 0764 nellerson@aasa.org   Noelle M. Ellerson

   
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