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Slide 1: 1 Image from P. Schole at New Mexico School of Technology: http://geoinfo.nmt.edu/staff/scholle/guadalupe.html
Slide 2: Image from P. Schole at New Mexico School of Technology: http://geoinfo.nmt.edu/staff/scholle/guadalupe.html 2
Slide 3: Mineral Identification Chart Initial Characteristics Metallic Nonmagnetic Softer than fingernail Gold/bronze colored Good cleavage Splits into paper-like sheets Mineral Names and other Features Pyrite (Fool’s Gold, FeS2)black striations Gypsum (Used in drywall, CaSo4- 2H2O) -usually clear Muscovite Mica (KAl2(AlSi3O10)(F, OH)2) - transparent sheets Calcite (CaCO3; found in limestone and shells) -rhombohedral crystals Dolomite (CaMg(CO3)2) -may occur as rhombus shapes Halite (NaCl; common table Salt)- transparent or translucent Orthoclase (AlSiO2; potassium Feldspar)- usually pinkish Quartz (Sio2)- may be clear, Pink, smoky, or purple Splits into paper-like sheets Softer than glass; harder Good cleavage than fingernail Reacts with HCl Powder reacts with HCl Salty taste Good cleavage No cleavage Nonmetallic Harder than glass 3
Slide 4: Venn Diagram for Minerals Calcite Dolomite Gypsum 4
Slide 5: These processes break down the igneous rock into small pieces called sediment. Sedimentary Rocks gh Hi ri n g These processes change preexisting igneous or sedimentary rock into a new rock. Te an t he m d pe io n ea W os Melting Pr es su r tu ra Er e re Igneous Rocks Me ltin THE ROCK CYCLE g Metamorphic Rocks g Co n oli As the magma cools, crystals form and eventually the magma solidifies. 5 Magma A continued increase in temperature leads to the melting of the rock.
Slide 6: Rock Identification Chart Mafic Igneous Rocks (interlocking crystals) Felsic Basalt- crystals invisible to naked eye, may be vesicular Granite- visible crystals, contains quartz, feldspar, and other minerals Trona- re-deposited CaCO3 Limestone- crystalline, deposited CaCO3, may contain fossils or ooids Chemical Sedimentary Rocks (grains cemented together, Or precipitated from solution ) Clastic Bioclastic Conglomerate- cemented pebbles or gravel Sandstone- cemented sand grains Shale- cemented clay grains Coquina- cemented shell fragments Coal- compressed organic material Metamorphic Rocks (igneous or sedimentary rocks subjected to heat and/or pressure) 6 Foliated Gneiss- metamorphosed granite or schist Schist- metamorphosed slate Crystalline Marble- metamorphosed limestone
Slide 7: Divergent Transform Convergent 7 Diagram from USGS Education and Outreach web page http://geology.er.usgs.gov/eastern/tectonic.html
Slide 8: 8 Diagram modified from Think Quest’s Plate Tectonics web page http://library.thinkquest.org/17457/platetectonics/index.php
Slide 9: 9 Diagram from Think Quest’s Plate Tectonics web page http://library.thinkquest.org/17457/platetectonics/index.php
Slide 10: Bathymetry from NOAA’s imagery website: http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/image/2minsurface/45N090W.html Highest land elevation a rid Flo Deepest ocean depths 10
Slide 11: 11 Image from: New Mexico School of Technology: http://geoinfo.nmt.edu/staff/scholle/guadalupe.html
Slide 12: 12 Diagram from USGS Education and Outreach web page http://geology.er.usgs.gov/eastern/plates.html
Slide 13: Photo courtesy of T. Firkins’ “Geology 101” Interpretive program N Carlsbad Caverns National Park Guadalupe Mountain National Park Carlsbad 13
Slide 14: Photo from Northern Michigan Permian website http://seaborg.nmu.edu/earth/Permian.html 14
Slide 15: 15 Photos from NOAA’s Coral Reef Online website http://www.coralreef.noaa.gov/
Slide 16: 16 Photo by David Doubilet on National Geographic Magazine’s Online website http://www.nationalgeographic.com/ngm/0101/feature2/index.html
Slide 17: Photo courtesy of T. Firkins’ “Geology 101” Interpretive program Backreef (Lagoon) Reef Forereef Basin 17
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Slide 19: Photo courtesy of T. Firkins’ “Geology 101” Interpretive program 19
Slide 20: Warm colors to white indicates the greatest amount of water withdrawal; cool, dark colors indicate the least. Image from the EPA’s “Water Atlas” web site http://www.epa.gov/ceisweb1/ceishome/atlas/nationalatlas/wateratlas.html 20