Slide 1: Trends and Impacts of E-Learning 2.0 Stephen Downes ICOE 2007 Taipei, Taiwan 13 June 2007
Slide 2: Institutions and Individuals So far, the story of open content has been told by institutions… But there is another story to be told
Slide 3: Another Timeline… Muddog Mud Stephen’s Guide to the Logical Fallacies 1994 Athabaska BBS 1995 Painted Porch 1996 Maximus MAUD
Slide 4: CAE 1997 Future of Online Learning 1998 modules Learning Objects 1999 Online Learning Environment The Brandon Pages OLe
Slide 5: Knowledge Learning Community 2000 2001 PEGGAsus 2002 OLDaily The Learning Marketplace MuniMall
Slide 6: 2003 2004 2005 Edu-RSS Ed Radio DDRM Podcasting
Slide 7: E-Learning 2.0 Learning Networks mIDm 2006 Educational Blogging 2007 RSS Writr
Slide 8: Web 2.0
Slide 9: The Net Generation creates its own media… Identity Production in a Networked Culture: Why Youth Heart MySpace … Danah Boyd http://www.danah.org/papers/AAAS2006.html “The dynamics of identity production play out visibly on MySpace. Profiles are digital bodies, public displays of identity where people can explore impression management.”
Slide 10: Blogs and Wikis "Never have so many people written so much to be read by so few..." -- Katie Hafner NY Times. Blogger - Live Journal - Movable Type - Wordpress Educational Blogging – article Educational Weblogs - Edublogs.org Wikipedia – as compared to Britannica by Nature
Slide 11: Photos, Podcasting and Vodcasting Flickr Podcasting - wikipedia iPodder - Odeo – Liberated Syndication Youtube - video Podcasting in Learning Ed Tech Talk - Ed Tech Posse - FLOSSE Posse Bob Sprankle - Education Podcast Network
Slide 12: The Core Technologies Web 2.0 RoadMap http://www.nri.co.jp/english/news/2006/061110.html
Slide 13: • Social Networking
Slide 14: • Tagging
Slide 15: • Asynchronous Javascript and XML (AJAX) Jesse James Garrett in February 2005. https://bpcatalog.dev.java.net/ajax/textfield-jsf/design.html
Slide 16: • Representational State Transfer (REST)
Slide 17: • Application Program Interface (API) and Mash-Ups
Slide 18: • Javascript Object Notation (JSON)
Slide 19: • OpenID
Slide 20: The way networks learn is the way people learn… • they are both complex systems • the organization of each depends on connections Connectivism (George Siemens)
Slide 21: E-Learning 2.0 The idea is that learning is not based on objects and contents that are stored, as though in a library
Slide 22: Rather, the idea is that learning is like a utility - like water or electricity - that flows in a network or a grip, that we tap into when we want
Slide 23: • Learner centered Learning is centered around the interests of the learner Learning is owned by the learner This implies learner choice of subjects, materials, learning styles
Slide 24: • Immersive learning This learning is immersive – learning by doing
Slide 25: • Connected Learning The computer connects the student to the rest of the world Learning occurs through connections with other learners Learning is based on conversation and interaction
Slide 26: • Game-based learning Types: Branching, Spreadsheet, Quiz Game, Simulation Lab… http://www.downes.ca/post/11
Slide 27: • Workflow (Informal) Learning Types: EPSS, Community of Practice, Environment, Visualization… http://metatime.blogspot.com/
Slide 28: • Mobile Learning Examples: Co-op learning, drill and flash-card, instant mesaging, field trips, resource capture (like this talk!)
Slide 29: http://www.pwlan.org.tw/ct.asp?xItem=200&CtNode=501&mp=5
Slide 30: Online Learning at the Crossroads • On the one hand – we have developed tools and systems intended to support traditional classroom based learning • On the other hand – we could (should?) be developing tools and systems to support immersive learning. We should be developing for dynamic, immersive, living systems…
Slide 31: First Iteration: User-Produced Media • Blogs and Blogging • Podcasting and Vodcasting • Game mods and other multimedia
Slide 32: Web 2.0: The Learning Network • The e-Portfolio lives in the intersection between the worlds for education, work, and home • A model for e-Portfolio as a learnermanaged construct • Key requirement is easy-to-use tools and hosting services* • *E.g. the “e-Portfolio-as-blog” approach Scott Wilson: http://www.cetis.ac.uk/members/scott/entries/20050523083528
Slide 33: The Idea of the PLE… http://www.cetis.ac.uk/members/ple/resources/edf.ppt
Slide 34: Plex Personal Learning Environment Example http://reload.ces.strath.ac.uk/plex/
Slide 35: Collecting and Filtering RSS http://www.downes.ca/mygluframe.htm
Slide 36: RSS Writr http://www.downes.ca/editor/writr.htm
Slide 37: Edu_RSS Viewer http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?action=viewer
Slide 38: The Challenge… How to find the right resource… • at the right time • for the right person
Slide 39: The old way – use descriptions http://www.capuano.biz/Papers/ITS%202000/ITS%202000.htm • Dublin Core • Learning Object Metadata
Slide 40: The New Way: Recommender Systems A are mapped between: • User profile – properties of given users • Resource profile – properties of the resource • Previous evaluations of other resources http://www.slideshare.net/Downes/projecting-quality http://www.slideshare.net/Downes/quality-standards-its-all-about-teaching-and-learning/
Slide 41: Relations between Entities…
Slide 42: Finding Resources is like Finding Patterns in the Mesh the knowledge is in the network Old: universals – rules – categories New: patterns – patterns – similarities the knowledge is the network http://www.bbsonline.org/Preprints/OldArchive/bbs.tenenbaum.html
Slide 43: stands for? Hopfield Or is caused by? Distributed Representation = a pattern of connectivity
Slide 45: Where is the PLE?