Slide 1: JavaOne 2001 Conference ™ June 4th – 8th Darren Gemoets (AVATAR) darren.gemoets@commerceone.com Ken Wootton (IRC) ken.wootton@commerceone.com Babatunde O. Akinsanya (JOIN & JAS) babatunde.akinsanya@commerceone.com August 15th, 2001
Slide 2: Agenda  JavaOne 2001 Overview    Conference Topics Session List Keynote Addresses RAS, Assertions Logging and Printing API XML and JAXB Image I/O, Swing/Java 2D improvements Jini, Multimedia, Java 3D Macintosh OS X, J2EE versus .NET, Generics  J2SE 1.4 (Merlin)      Survey of Topics    Looking Ahead
Slide 3: JavaOne 2001 Overview  Over 20,000 Attendees  Actually down from last year’s 25,000+ No more 6AM or 7AM BOFs, but they still ran until midnight 27 sessions (9.6%), 19 BOFs (7.8%), and all five keynotes  280 Technical Sessions, 244 Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions   Theoretical attendance maximum   J2SE 1.4 was a topic of general interest  J2ME was very popular!  An entire keynote and one of seven conference Topics  J2EE was also big, not surprisingly  40% J2EE, 25% J2SE, 20% J2ME, 15% General
Slide 4: Conference Topics  Seven Topics (280 sessions, 244 BOFs)   Web, Services and Beyond (50 Sessions, 41 BOFs) Java Technologies for the Desktop: Web to PC (29 Sessions, 22 BOFs) New and Cool (30 Sessions, 40 BOFs)  Smart Devices: The Modern Client (45 Sessions, 32 BOFs)  Java Technology at Work (50 Sessions, 33 BOFs)  Putting it to the Metal (49 Sessions, 47 BOFs)  Exposing the Core (27 Sessions, 29 BOFs)  Last Year: about 200 Sessions and 100 BOFs 
Slide 5: Session List (1 of 2) Today’s presenters attended the following technical and Birds-of-a-Feather sessions. Ask us for more information on these topics: Technical Sessions:     Jini Network Technology and Service-based Architectures Java Platform Performance Technical Overview of the J2SE 1.4 Release Designing and Building Distributed ServiceBased Architectures with Jini Network Technology Automatic Memory Management for Java Distributed Transactions with Jini Network Technology Managing Complexity with JFC/Swing and Java 2D APIs Assertiveness Training: Getting the Most Out of the New Assertion Facility Writing High-Performance Apps w/ Swing Java Platform Printing               Logging APIs for the Java Platform JAXB: XML Data Binding Taming Java Programming Language Threads Effective Layout Management EJB and Jini What's New in Java Client Technology? An Introduction to Multimedia on the Java Platform Introduction to JavaServer Pages Technology The Java Image I/O API High Performance Graphics Inside the Java 3D 1.3 API Performance Tuning for 'Big Iron‘ J2ME Architecture Technical Overview Combining Scalable Vector Graphics and Java Technology to Manage Image Content on the Web      
Slide 6: Session List (2 of 2) Technical Sessions (continued):                The Evolution of the Performance of the Java Platform: a Panel Discussion Service Oriented Programming and Project 'Openwings' Improving Java Programming Language Code Using Static Analysis Distributed Computation with JavaSpaces Technology Security for the J2SE: Present and Future Building Installers for the Java Platform: The Results of JSR 38 Creating JFC/Swing API-Based UIs Following Java L&F Guidelines Using Reference Patterns to Build Effective Pooling Solutions Adding Generics to the Java Programming Language Visible Human Image Display Program Using Java Technology Effective Programming with Java Technology Tutorial for J2EE: Build Your First Enterprise Application Performance Tuning with Java Technology Java Technology on Mac OS X: J2SE and much more! The Sun Open Net Environment vs. Microsoft .NET Birds of a Feather Sessions:        Java Technology in Astronomy Decentralized Security for Jini Network Technology The Java API for XML Binding ('JAXB'): Q&A Java Technology Game Development Roundtable A Jini Network Technology-enabled Home Gateway User Interface Design and the J2SE Java Technology on Mac OS X
Slide 7: Keynote Addresses  Speakers   Sun: Ed Zander (COO), James Gosling (VP), Patricia Sueltz (EVP), Bill Joy (Chief Scientist), others Pekka Ala-Pietilä (President/Nokia), Bill Coleman (CEO/BEA Systems), Larry Ellison (CEO, Oracle) J-Phone: take photos and attach them to emails Java-enabled PlayStation 2 Several Java-based cell phones Digital camera transmits photos to any wireless device Java Games All the demos [seemingly] worked!  Demos      
Slide 8: J2SE 1.4 (Merlin)      Beta available now for Solaris, Windows, Linux FCS release scheduled for Q4 2001 RAS: Reliability, Availability, Serviceability Scalability, Performance, Deployment New Features     A “carefully budgeted set” GUI Features: some new, some improved Connectivity: XML, networking, security, and more VM and core libraries: GC, performance, new stuff  The JCP (and JSRs) were mentioned quite often
Slide 9: RAS     General performance work Better GC Performance (esp. large heaps) Handling of low-resource conditions HotSwap debugging API  On-the-fly class replacement  Chaining of Exceptions  64-bit support (SPARC)  Assertions  Backward compatibility is supreme
Slide 10: Assertions (1 of 2)  Two forms:   assert speed <= SPEED_OF_LIGHT assert speed <= SPEED_OF_LIGHT : speed;  If assertions are enabled, VM throws AssertionError if expression is false  Advantages  Document code, validate assumptions, uncover bugs Always in class file, unlike C/C++ Can enable at class/package level  Enable at runtime in user code and/or JRE  
Slide 11: Assertions (2 of 2)  Assertive comments   else // not found  assert found == false; // not reached  assert false;  Switch with no default  Preconditions of non-public methods  Public preconditions should throw exceptions such as IllegalArgumentException assert numElements > 0; // at least one was added  Postconditions   Don’t use for side-effects: assert set.remove(elt);  Infinite recursion: assert sin2 + cos2 == 1
Slide 12: Logging API (1 of 4)      Attempts to unify different logging APIs Very similar to Apache’s Log4J and IBM’s JLog Log messages are sent to Loggers Loggers send the messages to Handlers Handlers write the actual log file or optionally pass it through a Formatter  More information and examples at  http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4/docs/guide/util/logging/overview.html
Slide 13: Logging API (2 of 4)
Slide 14: Logging API (3 of 4)  Each class can have its own logger  Loggers should be named in a hierarchical manner  i.e. gov.nasa.gsfc.projectH.MainClass  Each logger has a level  Calls below a logger’s level are discarded  About 9 levels defined: ALL, SEVERE, WARNING, INFO, etc. ConsoleHandler FileHandler, supports rotating log files SocketHandler XMLFormatter, writes XML info   Several handlers and formatters come with JDK 1.4     Beware of crashes…
Slide 15: Logging API (4 of 4)  Get a reference to a logger  static Logger log = Logger.getLogger(“gov.nasa.gsfc.projectH.MyClass”);  Check if logger is enabled for that level  if (log.isLogging(Level.FINER)) { log.finest(“Hello World!”); }  Saves time if level is not enabled Can be attached to either Handlers or Loggers  Filters can also be used to log messages selectively 
Slide 16: Printing API (1 of 4)  Totally revamped from the 1.3 version  Uses some of the Jini concepts such as services  Five steps for printing      Describe the print data Specify how data is to be printed Locate suitable printer services Create print job and specify print data Submit print job http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4/docs/guide/jps/index.html  For more information, examples and user guide, see 
Slide 17: Printing API (2 of 4)  Describe the data    Use the DocFlavor class Lots of pre-defined flavors: html, text, images, etc. DocFlavor htmlFlavor = DocFlavor.URL.TEXT_HTML_US_ASCII; Printers have service (name, location) and request (paper size) attributes Copies, Sides, MediaSizeName are pre-defined in JDK 1.4  Specify how to print data  
Slide 18: Printing API (3 of 4)  Locating a suitable printer    PrintServiceLookup takes a set of attributes and a document flavor Returns array of PrintService objects Choose one of the PrintServices or allow user to choose Get a DocPrintJob from the selected PrintService Create print data using Doc interface Submit job using DocPrintJob.print(…) method  Create print job   Submit print job  
Slide 19: Printing API (4 of 4) PrintRequestAttributeSet attrSet = new HashPrintRequestAttributeSet(); attrSet.add(MediaSizeName.ISO_A4); attrSet.add(Sides.TWO_SIDED_LONG_EDGE); attrSet.add(new Copies(2)); DocFlavor pFlavor = DocFlavor.URL.TEXT_HTML_US_ASCII; URL url = new URL(“http://aaa.gsfc.nasa.gov”); PrintService[] services = PrintServiceLookup(pFlavor, attrSet); DocPrintJob pJob = services[0].createPrintJob(); SimpleDoc doc = new SimpleDoc(url, pFlavor, attrSet); pJob.print(doc, attrSet);
Slide 20: XML/JAXB (1 of 4)  Started out as Project Adelard (JSR-31)  XML Data Binding    Compile XML schema into Java classes These classes hide the complexity of XML parsing Write Java code to work directly with these objects Schema Compiler Marshaller Unmarshaller  Key components     http://java.sun.com/xml/jaxb/index.html
Slide 21: XML/JAXB (2 of 4)  Schema Compiler    Need a binding schema and an XML schema The binding schema tells the compiler how to map XML elements to Java classes Currently, JAXB supports only XML DTD  Final JDK 1.4 might include support for a subset of XML Schema  Unmarshalling    Process of converting XML instance documents to Java objects Simply call the unmarshal method in the generated classes Pass in a valid XML document
Slide 22: XML/JAXB (3 of 4)  Marshalling    Process of saving Java objects to XML instance documents Call the marshal method on the “root” node It validates the object before writing XML More complex but can be done  Subclassing generated classes 
Slide 23: XML/JAXB (4 of 4)  Competing technologies  Borland JBuilder 5 has data binding tools  Supports XML Schema (JAXB does not) Also supports XML Schema JAS has a schema compiler, marshaller and unmarshaller  Breeze Factor’s Breeze XML Studio   Home grown version   Examples using JAXB  http://java.sun.com/xml/jaxb/index.html
Slide 24: Improvements in the Client Architecture  Improvements and additions   AWT Swing Image I/O Graphics Performance  Java2D  
Slide 25: Putting Things In Focus  java.awt.KeyboardFocusManager    Replaces the javax.swing.FocusManager Allows user to query the focus owner Centralizes all focus activity Lighter-weight than javax.swing.DefaultFocusManager Specify an initial component Easily reuse the traversal algorithm between components  java.awt.FocusTraversalPolicy     Window/JWindow focus problems fixed
Slide 26: All or None  Full screen mode   Direct control of the screen Good for games, slide shows, etc. Printing, 2D, and images still enabled Turn on with runtime flag (java.awt.headless=true) java.awt.HeadlessException thrown when improper methods are called Frames/Dialogs now have set/isUndecorated() methods Client can decorate frame to their choosing  Headless mode     Undecorated/Client Decorated Frames  
Slide 27: Mouse Wheel Support  AWT and JFC/Swing  Works with existing applications without any modifications  Scrolling is the default behavior  java.awt.event.MouseWheelListener allows custom behavior
Slide 28: What a Drag (and Drop)  Drag support for JTree, JList, JTable, JColorChooser, JFileChooser, JTextComponent  Drop support for JTextComponent  Custom TransferHandler set via JComponent.setTransferHandler(...)  This handler maps model data to a Transferable
Slide 29: Window Cleaning  Windows Look and Feel has been cleaned up  Fonts picked up from Desktop  Better spacing, layout  Rollover toolbars  At the moment at least, this must be requested  Takes advantage of windows sounds
Slide 30: New Components (1 of 2)  JFileChooser   Support for network browsing and the Windows virtual desktop Detailed list now works Indeterminate mode JTabbedPane.setTabLayoutPolicy(…) Can spin numbers, dates, sets of objects Can format numbers, dates, arbitrary values (e.g. phone numbers)  JProgressBar   Scrollable tabs   JSpinner   JFormattedTextField 
Slide 31: New Components (2 of 2)
Slide 32: A Clearer Image (1 of 2)  New Core Image API (javax.ImageIO)  JPEG, PNG, and GIF (read-only) are supported “out of the box”  Access and produce image metadata using a XML DOM tree  Simple API for casual use   Example: ImageIO.read(:URL) : BufferedImage Automatically recognizes the format and loads proper reader plug-in  Uses either the file name or image data
Slide 33: A Clearer Image (2 of 2)  Pluggable Architecture    Most image formats not supported Developers create readers and/or writers based on the provided interface New readers/writers are automatically discovered by the API
Slide 34: Volatile Graphics  VolatileImage interface    Created in accelerated memory Great for highly reused, infrequently updated images (e.g. back buffers) Automatically accelerates existing applications  Component.createImage(), Toolkit.getImage()  Internal re-architecture and much better X Windows support
Slide 35: Jini  More of show-and-tell than new features    Chrysler used Jini in ITCruiser concept car Ford used Jini in 2000 Lincoln Demonstrator F.E.T.I.S.H.  Federated European Tourist Information Service Harmonization Research in progress www.tml.hut.fi/~pnr/publications/eronen_nikander_ndss2001_final.pdf  Decentralized Jini Security    Distributed transaction management  Built-in into Jini
Slide 36: Multimedia (1 of 3)  “Flexible, portable, scalable, high-performance” secure media APIs   Solaris, Linux, Macintosh, Windows //// Multiple deployment options  Application, locally run applet, streamable applet (Netscape/IE)  Four sessions, seven BOFs Streaming audio/video, A/V capture Pluggable media formats and transmission protocols “Performance packs” for Solaris, Linux, Windows JMF 2.2 (Q401): MPEG-2  Java Media Framework (JMF)    
Slide 37: Multimedia (2 of 3)  Java Sound API  Extensible Web-based Audio and MIDI support  WAV, AIFF, AU, MIDI, RMF    Mixing and rendering via Beatnik Audio Engine Core in J2SE 1.3 for Solaris, Windows, Linux MIDI input and MP3 support on the horizon Java-based image processing with native acceleration Optional package for Solaris, Windows, Linux JAI V1.2 (late ’01/early 02)   Java Advanced Imaging (JAI) API    Volumetric imaging; interoperable with Java3D
Slide 38: Multimedia (3 of 3)  Java Speech API (JSAPI)    Java-based speech recognition and synthesis Solaris, Windows, Linux (surprise) JSAPI 2.0 specification ongoing  Embedded devices, J2ME, W3C Speech Interface Framework  Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG/Batik)   XML-based portable, scripted 3D graphics Apache’s Batik: open source Java toolkit  http://xml.apache.org/batik   Batik 1.0: static SVG, some scripting Batik 2.0 (no date): complete animation and scripting  SVG  MPEG via JMF
Slide 39: Java 3D (1 of 2)  High-level, vendor-neutral, platform-independent, Java-based graphics API    You focus on content, Java 3D focuses on rendering 95% Java, 5% native graphics (OpenGL or Direct3D) Solaris, Windows, HP, IBM, Linux, SGI, Netscape/IE Version 1.2.1_01 (current) Version 1.3 Beta (Q301) Version 1.3 Final (Q102) Version 1.4 call for experts (Q301)   Roadmap     “a major release”: extensibility, programmable shaders, shadows
Slide 40: Java 3D (2 of 2)  Java 3D Version 1.3          Depth-sorted transparency Support for per-view objects (Shape3D, etc.) GeometryArray enhancements (four slides’ worth) Texture enhancements (six slides’ worth) Raster destination pixel offset Behavior synchronization Ability to pause alpha-based interpolators Audio reverb / environmental parameters Performance improvements  Performance tips provided
Slide 41: Macintosh OS X (1 of 2)  Apple’s First Java Goal:  #1 desktop for deploying Java technology-based apps  Macintosh OS X ships with J2SE 1.3 out-of-the-box  “No more excuses” approach    Sun ships J2SE 1.3.1 May 17 Apple update to 1.3.1 in July Two-month delta  Shared, hardware-accelerated Swing  Java threads directly call native OS X threads
Slide 42: Macintosh OS X (2 of 2)  Apple’s Second Java Goal:  #1 desktop for developing Java technology-based apps Demos at JavaOne Pavillion Tailored for Mac OS X CodeWarrior Pro 7 EA InstallAnywhere OptimizeIt!  Borland’s JBuilder 5: Q301    Development tools     Mac OS X BOF: very well-attended
Slide 43: J2EE vs. .NET (1 of 2)  Ed Roman, CEO The Middleware Company  TheServerSide.com  Web services fundamentals: great primer  Overview of J2EE and .NET  Comparison of J2EE and .NET      RAD features: comparable Performance: J2EE’s better performance services require experience Single-vendor solution: .NET strong, J2EE also strong for major vendors (Oracle, BEA, IBM) Legacy integration: J2EE will surpass .NET via JCA Marketing: .NET has better perception as a web services platform
Slide 44: J2EE vs. .NET (2 of 2)  Comparison of J2EE and .NET (continued)  Maturity: J2EE mature, but not for web services  .NET is first-generation    Language support: .NET better on surface (no bridges) Portability: J2EE wins, but that’s not always useful Web services support: J2EE can be deployed today  But Visual Studio.NET is an “awesome tool” for RAD development with J2EE you choose your service level  Cost: both can be low cost but .NET comes with OS   “Both will win in their own markets.”  J2EE platform versus .NET whitepaper   http://www.theserverside.com/resources/pdf/J2EE-vs-DotNET.pdf Prepared for Sun Microsystems
Slide 45: Generics  Generics abstract over types  Classes, interfaces, and methods can be generic Generic declarations are type-checked (unlike C++) Generics are compiled once and for all  No code bloat Retrofitting mode in compiler Make the API generic before converting the implementation  Generics are not templates    Non-generic code can use generic libraries    Should make it into J2SE 1.5 (Tiger)  Early adopters can use prototype implementation  http://java.sun.com/people/gbracha/generics-update.html
Slide 46: Looking Ahead  J2SE 1.4 Beta available now  J2SE 1.4.0 Q401  J2SE 1.4.1 Q202  bug fixes, performance work, no API changes Already starting to plan for it Developer’s survey: tiger@sun.com J2EE 1.3 going final Q301  J2SE 1.5 (“Tiger”) Q203    San Francisco, California March 25-29, 2002 