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Slide 1: Addressing Youth Unemployment in China By Mr.Du Dong International Department All-China Youth Federation 20 June, 2008
Slide 2: Part Ⅰ Challenges
Slide 3:  Best educated generation in history — <WRD 2007>. youth unemployment is waste of human resources.  social, economic, political problem
Slide 4: China Employment Statistics 1  283 million young people aged 14 to 29 in China. (2005)  Supply and demand comparison in the labor market Supply of working population 24 million Job positions 10million Growth trend in the coming years 14 gap million
Slide 5: China Employment Statistics 2 Registered unemployment rate in cities :  2004: 4.3%  2005: 4.2%  2006: 4.2%  2007: 4.6% Seems low,but… 485 million labors in rural are not counted, majority of the abundant rural labor (totaling 150 million) is youth
Slide 6: China Employment Trend  Since 1990, the employment content of growth is going down rapidly.  The employment in formal sector is going rapidly down, while the employment in informal sector is growing.
Slide 7: Big challenges for youth employment in cities and rural areas  New entrants to labor market annually: 10 million Among which, Colleague graduates reach 4.95 million in 2007, an increase of 0.82 million than 2006 (from 2003 to 2007, the graduates are increasing by 46%, 32%,21%, 30%,20% than previous year)  70% of the registered unemployed in cities are under 35 years old (5.6 million in 2004)  70% of the migrant workers are young people aging between 16-35.
Slide 8: Part Ⅱ 4E Stategy  Employment Creation  Entrepreneurship  Employability  Equal Opportunity
Slide 9: 1. Employment Creation for Youth Chinese government adheres to employmentimproving macroeconomic policies  Through active financial policies and moderate monetary policies, expend the domestic demand, promote employment through sustained economic growth.
Slide 10: Experience  Traditional notion: employment will increase naturally following the sustained economic growth. continuous economic growth is essential, but not sufficient. growth in quality and quantity.  Review economic policies from the perspective of promoting employment. Central goal —— byproduct
Slide 11: 2. Creating Youth Employment through Entrepreneurship  Implement a development strategy that promotes job creation and encourage entrepreneurship to create more employment opportunities. —— government work report 2007  Foster entrepreneurial culture. historical entrepreneurial culture; local culture
Slide 12: Entrepreneurship development chart Generate credit Cumulate credits Security fund Governme nt,college inputs SME loans Venture capital Private fund Angel fund Listed in stock market Training Intelligence （ KAB,SY B ＋ local brand ） Start up Intelligence （ mentors’ guide ） Development Expansion intelligence （ mentor ＋ management courses ） academic ： MBA ， EMBA practice: Mobile class, concomitant teacher, Experience sharing
Slide 13: China Youth Entrepreneurship Campaign  Goal optimize the environment for entrepreneurship and promote training for entrepreneurship  Achievements(1998-2006)  helped 86,000 young people start their businesses;  help 500,000 young people learn business start-up skills;  help 200,000 young people start their businesses  Mid-term Objective (2007-2010)
Slide 14: Awareness Raising Event publicity and awareness-raising activities China Youth Entrepreneurship Award -- jointly launched by ACYF and the Ministry of Labor from 2004; -- 10 award winners annually
Slide 15: Entrepreneurship Education KAB project (ILO-Know About Business) -- successful pilot operation in 81 universities; -- plans to expand to 2000 universities in 2010 Seminars and Workshops -- train over 950,000 young people
Slide 16: Provide Business Start-up Service Professional consultancy on one-to-one basis Internship opportunities Youth business incubator
Slide 17: Provide financial support  China Youth Entrepreneurship Small-loan Program  Launched in 20 provinces in 2007  Current Development in 7 provinces: -- total amount of 159 million RMB yuan; -- support 38 enterprises and over 130 young startups.
Slide 18: 3. Improve employability of the youth  Core function of educainal system  Better connection with schools and enterprises.
Slide 19: Employability (1)  Provide intermediary service  Set up 483 youth employment service centers/job centers and 770 youth re-employment markets, which in total organized 6800 workshops/seminars, provide employment consultancy for 4.72 million youth and help over 1.2 million youth employed.  Chine Youth Entrepreneurship Website and its 15 online job markets.  Provide job opportunities to 834,000 in 107 key cities.
Slide 20: Employability (2)  Conduct skill/vocational training  provide skills training for 2.8 million laid-off or unemployed youth  provide employment consultancy and employability training for 650,000 university students  provide 28 million migrant young workers in 6830 training centers in cities  help 1.54 million rural youth improve employability in rural youth centers
Slide 21: Employability (3)  Provide employment assistance for disadvantaged groups  team support  one-to-one assistance
Slide 22: 4. Equal opportunity  Against prejudice, discrimination, obstacles toward youth employment.  CSO engaged in consultation process of Employment Promotion Law which was released in August 2007,China.
Slide 23:  Employment Promotion Law Policy support and legal obligations double-edged sword
Slide 24: Part Ⅲ Youth employment priority targeted groups and main characteristics in China
Slide 25: Youth employment priority targeted groups  College graduates Expansion of higher education; China is in an age of substantial social transition and young people’s failure to start their career development will not only lead to waste of human resources, but also possibly trigger serious social problems.  Rural migrant youth Urbanization of the country; balance the development between the urban and rural areas.
Slide 26: Main Characteristics  Pooling Resources Together • build up networks of relevant partners; • act as focal point for inter-governmental or cross-sector theme groups
Slide 27:  Institutionalizing Youth Initiatives • 500 youth employment service center/job center were established in cities; • 1100 youth centers were set up in rural areas
Slide 28:  Delivering Services through ACYF’s Broad Network – 12 national-level member organizations – 36 federations in provinces, autonomous regions (including municipalities at provincial level) – 3 million youth league branches – 183,000 full-time youth workers – 70 million communist youth league members (aging between 1428); – 1717 ACYF individual members at national level and 60476 individual members at provincial and local level (aging under 40) 13.5 million registered young volunteers
Slide 29: Part Ⅳ Future plans
Slide 30:  Advocate for a national policy and action plan on youth employment  Expand the scale and improve quality for youth employment  Cultivate a popular youth entrepreneurship culture  Further promote international cooperation on youth employment
Slide 31: Thanks!