Hide Notes 

Slide 1: Fishes, Amphibians and Reptiles
Slide 2: Fishes
Slide 3: Characteristics of Fishes… • They are ectotherms. • They have many specialized parts that help them to swim.
Slide 4: Specialized parts… • Fins help them to move, steer, stop and balance. QuickTimeª and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. http://www.thejohnharding.com/archives/battreefbeauty.jpg •Many fishes have scales that reduce friction and protect their bodies. QuickTimeª and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. http://theartofnature.org/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/fish-scales-01.gif
Slide 5: Specialized parts… • They have well-developed hearing, vision and sense of smell. QuickTimeª and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. •They also have a lateral line system - a row of tiny sense organs along the side of their body that detect vibrations in the water.
Slide 6: Specialized parts… • Fishes also have gills that allow them to breath underwater. QuickTimeª and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. QuickTimeª and a decompressor are needed to see this picture.
Slide 7: Making more fish… • Most fish reproduce by external fertilization - where the female lays unfertilized eggs in the water and the male drops sperm on them. • Some fish reproduce by internal fertilization - where the eggs are fertilized inside the female. Some females lay the eggs and others give birth to live young.
Slide 8: Making more fish… QuickTimeª and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. Fish eggs!
Slide 9: Different types of fishes… • The three living classes of fishes are: jawless fish, cartilaginous fish and bony fish. QuickTimeª and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. QuickTimeª and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. QuickTimeª and a decompressor are needed to see this picture.
Slide 10: Jawless Fishes • They have no jaws! • They are eel-like with smooth, slimy skin. • Their skeleton is made of cartilage. QuickTimeª and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. QuickTimeª and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. QuickTimeª and a decompressor are needed to see this picture.
Slide 11: Cartilaginous Fishes • Their skeleton is made of cartilage. • They have jaws, are strong swimmers and are expert predators. QuickTimeª and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. QuickTimeª and a decompressor are needed to see this picture.
Slide 12: Cartilaginous Fishes • Their skin is covered with denticles they are small and tooth-like and make the skin feel like sandpaper! QuickTimeª and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. QuickTimeª and a decompressor are needed to see this picture.
Slide 13: Cartilaginous Fishes • In order to stay afloat, these fishes must keep moving. • They have oily livers to help them stay afloat, but they are still denser than water. If they stop moving they will sink.
Slide 14: Cartilaginous Fishes • Some of these fish need to move or they will suffocate. They need to move to make water flow over their gills. • Others can lie on the ocean floor and pump water across their gills.
Slide 15: Bony Fishes • Their skeleton is made of bone and they are covered with scales. • 95% of known fishes are bony! • They are able to float in one place without swimming because they have a swim bladder. are n Qui ck eed dec Timeª ed t omp and o se res e th sor a is p ictu re.
Slide 16: Amphibians
Slide 17: Characteristics of Amphibians • Amphibian means “double life” - they spend part of their life in water or a wet environment and part of their life on land. QuickTimeª and a decompressor are needed to see this picture.
Slide 18: Characteristics of Amphibians • They are ectotherms. • Their skin is thin, smooth and moist. Most do not have scales. • They absorb water and oxygen through their skin. QuickTimeª and a decompressor are needed to see this picture.
Slide 19: Characteristics of Amphibians • The egg… QuickTimeª and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. QuickTimeª and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. usually develops into an aquatic larvae… and then develops into an adult that has lungs. QuickTimeª and a decompressor are needed to see this picture.
Slide 20: Frog Metamorphosis
Slide 21: Ecological Indicators • Amphibians are very sensitive to changes in the environment. QuickTimeª and a decompressor are needed to see this picture.
Slide 22: Types of Amphibians • Caecilians - they have no legs and look like worms or snakes. QuickTimeª and a decompressor are needed to see this picture.
Slide 23: Types of Amphibians • Salamanders - most live under stones and logs in the damp woods and eat invertebrates. QuickTimeª and a decompressor are needed to see this picture.
Slide 24: Types of Amphibians • Frogs and toads 90% of all amphibians are frogs and toads. They are found all over the world. QuickTimeª and a decompressor are needed to see this picture.
Slide 25: Reptiles
Slide 26: Characteristics of Reptiles • They have thick, dry skin. (it’s good for living on land and it reduces water loss!) • They are ectotherms. • They have amniotic eggs. • Most reproduce by internal fertilization. QuickTimeª and a decompressor are needed to see this picture.
Slide 27: What’s an amniotic egg?
Slide 28: What’s so great about an amniotic egg? • Amphibian eggs are not amniotic - they have no protective shell so they must be somewhere wet to prevent drying out. • Reptile eggs are amniotic - they have a protective shell. It prevents drying out and protects the embryo. QuickTimeª and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. QuickTimeª and a decompressor are needed to see this picture.
Slide 29: QuickTimeª and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. Turtles and Tortoises QuickTimeª and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. QuickTimeª and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. QuickTimeª and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. QuickTimeª and a decompressor are needed to see this picture.
Slide 30: What’s the difference? • In general, turtles live in or near water while tortoises live on land. QuickTimeª and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. QuickTimeª and a decompressor are needed to see this p
Slide 31: Crocodiles and Alligators QuickTimeª and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. QuickTimeª and a decompressor are needed to see this picture.
Slide 32: What’s the difference? QuickTimeª and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. QuickTimeª and a decompressor are needed to see this picture.
Slide 33: QuickTimeª and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. Lizards QuickTimeª and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. QuickTimeª and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. QuickTimeª and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. QuickTimeª and a decompressor are needed to see this picture.
Slide 34: Frilled Lizard
Slide 35: Snakes QuickTimeª and a decompressor are needed to see this picture.
Slide 36: Cobra vs. Lizard
Slide 37: A snake eating an egg