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Slide 1: Mobile Technologies • • • • • • • Introduction Basics of GSM Value Added Services SMS Short Codes Asterisk * LBS
Slide 2: Basic Unit of GSM Networks
Slide 3: GSM Components • • • • • • • • MSC – Mobile Switching Center BSC – Base Station Controller BTS – Base Transceiver Station VLR – Visitor Location Register HLR – Home Location Register LMU – Location measurement Unit SMLC – Serving mobile location center GMLC – Gateway mobile location center
Slide 4: GSM Architecture MSC land link VLR HLR land link VLR Radio link MSC Base Station
Slide 5: MSC – Mobile Switching Center • • • • • Deliver Calls to Subscribers Uses VLR data to route calls Deliver SMS to handset from the SMSC Handles BSC to BSC Handovers Collect billing information
Slide 6: BSC – Base Station Controller • Controls Many BTSs • Allocates radio channels • Handles BTS to BTS handovers
Slide 7: Basic Unit of GSM Networks
Slide 8: BTS – Base Transceiver Station • • • • • Radio Base Station Handles the Wireless communication Transceiver Power Amplifier Antenna
Slide 9: BTS
Slide 10: BTS Sectors
Slide 11: Cell Management
Slide 12: HLR – Home Location Register • • • • • • Stores details of each SIM GSM services accessible to a subscriber Current roaming area Retrieves information from BSC Updates VLR Acts as the middle man for SMS and calls
Slide 13: VLR – Visitor Location Register • • • • Local cache for HLR Used to setup the call quickly Directly connected to the MSC Stores the MCC, MNC and cell ID
Slide 14: Call Establishment
Slide 15: GSM Network Elements
Slide 16: SS7
Slide 17: SMS – Different Types • Point to Point • Broadcast
Slide 18: SMS – Different Types • User Specific • ME Specific • SIM Specific
Slide 19: SMSC
Slide 20: Mobile Originated SMS
Slide 21: Mobile Terminated SMS
Slide 22: SMS
Slide 23: Short Codes • • • • Pull Service Premium Billing Connects all mobile users Short Code Nation
Slide 24: Short Code Demo Send GO JACOB to 3636 www.go3636.com
Slide 25: Short Code Architecture
Slide 26: Asterisk * • • • • • Software PBX Open Source Written in C APIs are available for integration Supports many industry standards
Slide 27: What is a PBX Local Telco Local Telco PBX
Slide 28: Asterisk at Work Analog Phones IP Phone Telephone Lines IP Phone Linux PC - Asterisk Desktop PC Internet Local Telco Soft Phone Soft Phone
Slide 29: Positioning Technologies • Handset Based • Network Based • Hybrid
Slide 30: GPS • • • • • • Free To Use 24 Satellites in Orbit Maintained by US Defense NAVSTAR GPS NAVigation Satellite Timing And Ranging Minimum 3 Satellites needed for Positioning
Slide 31: GPS Satellites in Orbit
Slide 32: School Mathematics
Slide 33: Time Difference of Arrival
Slide 34: A-GPS • • • • • GPS + Network Assistance Server Useful Where 3 Satellites are not in Range Speedy calculations Future Mobiles will have GPS Receivers
Slide 35: LMU – Location Measurement Unit • Monitors Signals from BTS • Monitors Satellite GPS Data
Slide 36: SMLC – Serving Mobile Location Center • Coordinates the location calculation process • Does calculation based on known values • Converts the location information into Latitude and Longitude
Slide 37: GMLC – Gateway Mobile Location Center • Provides External Access to Location Data • Queries the SMLC to get the location information • Authorization • Billing
Slide 38: GSM Architecture with LBS
Slide 39: Location Based Services. • • • • Emergency services (911, 100, 101 etc) Traffic / Weather alerts Location sensitive advertising Destination maps