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Slide 1: Building an Embedded Systems By VIJAYANAND Email: vijay.alternate.mail@gmail.com
Slide 2: What is a Embedded Systems -- Hard to define. Nearly any computing system other than a desktop computer -- A portable applications of Computer Science Field, Electronics & Electrical Field, Communications, Mechanical and much more.
Slide 3: Characteristics of Embedded Systems • Single-functioned -- Executes a single program, repeatedly • Tightly-constrained -- Low cost, low power, small, fast, etc. • Reactive and real-time -- Continually reacts to changes in the system’s environment -- Must compute certain results in real-time without delay
Slide 4: Examples of Embedded Systems
Slide 5: A Closer Look
Slide 6: Design challenge • Obvious design goal: -- Construct an implementation with desired functionality • Key design challenge: -- Simultaneously optimize numerous design metrics • Design metric -- A measurable feature of a system’s implementation -- Optimizing design metrics is a key challenge
Slide 7: Design challenge – cont. Common metrics • Unit cost: the monetary cost of manufacturing each copy of the system, excluding NRE cost • NRE cost (Non-Recurring Engineering cost): The one-time monetary cost of designing the system • Size: the physical space required by the system • Performance: the execution time or throughput of the system • Power: the amount of power consumed by the system • Flexibility: the ability to change the functionality of the system without incurring heavy NRE cost
Slide 8: Design challenge – cont. • Time-to-prototype: the time needed to build a working version of the system • Time-to-market: the time required to develop a system to the point that it can be released and sold to customers • Maintainability: the ability to modify the system after its initial release • Correctness, safety, many more
Slide 9: Design metric competition Power Performance Size NRE cost
Slide 10: Design metric competition • Expertise with both software and hardware is needed to optimize design metrics • Not just a hardware or software expert, as is common • A designer must be comfortable with various technologies in order to choose the best for a given application and constraints
Slide 11: Time-to-market: a demanding design metric
Slide 12: Losses due to delayed market entry
Slide 13: Losses due to delayed market entry (cont.)
Slide 14: NRE and unit cost metrics Costs: • Unit cost: the monetary cost of manufacturing each copy of the system, excluding NRE cost • NRE cost (Non-Recurring Engineering cost): The one-time monetary cost of designing the system • Fixed Cost: The cost that does not depends on no. of units. • Variable Cost: The cost which varies with the no. of units. • Fixed and Variable cost groups to the Unit cost. • Total Cost = NRE Cost + Unit Cost • Unit Cost = Total cost/ No. of Units.
Slide 15: Cost Metrics
Slide 16: Product Life Cycle (PLC)
Slide 17: Product Life Cycle (PLC) Crossing the Chasm
Slide 18: New Product Development Cycle
Slide 19: Conclusion • To follow to New Product Development cycle. • To understand the Product Life Cycle. • To get an awareness of Embedded System design.