From:
searcher
Views: 4749
Comments: 0
Buzan, Tony, with Barry Buzan.
The Mind Map Book: How to Use Radiant Thinking to Maximize Your Brain’s Untapped Potential.
Slide 1: Helping Students Generate Creative Ideas
Jim Flowers Ball State University
Slide 2: 1. Brainstorming
Good
for a flood of ideas Limited by what’s in the lake
Slide 3: Rules:
(Assumption:
Clear problem definition) Defer judgment. Aim for quantity and variety. Record all responses.
Slide 4: Options
Present
examples? Allow incubation time? Set a time limit? Vary the number of brainstormers?
Slide 5: Typical procedure:
State
rules Present problem statement (List examples) Allow for incubation Say “Go” Record all responses.
Slide 6: 5 Brainstorming Examples
Individual Whole-group Small Relay Round
group robin
Slide 7: Individual Brainstorming
(Get ready to write your responses.)
Slide 8: Topic: Uses for Animal Skin
Common
response: leather shoe Uncommon response: to hold animals together
Slide 9: Whole class brainstorming
(Get
ready to call out your responses.)
Slide 10: Topic: Types of Ships
Common response: battleship Uncommon response: penmanship
Slide 11: Small Group Brainstorming
(Collaborate with your group members.)
Slide 12: Topic:
“How
can you use a barometer to help determine the height of a building?”
Slide 13: Relay Brainstorming
Each team member must respond in order. Responses cannot be used twice. No helping is allowed. Teams compete.
Slide 14: Relay Brainstorming
(Who
responds first?) (Get ready to respond.)
Slide 15: Topic: Things that support other things.
(You
must list the thing that supports and the thing supported.) Common response: A foundation supports a building. Uncommon response: Parents support the PTA.
Slide 16: Round Robin Brainstorming
Respond quickly. Respond only during your turn. Step back when you are asked.
Slide 17: Topic:
“New uses for discarded automobile tires”
Slide 18: 5 Brainstorming Examples
Individual Whole-group Small Relay Round
group robin
Slide 19: Common Aspects of Brainstorming Sessions
Many ideas Wide variety of ideas Limited Defer judgment (no killer phrases allowed) Quick Active Creative
Slide 20: Brainstorming sessions differ regarding:
Size
of group Time limits Competition Mode of expression Noisiness Pressure
Slide 21: Is it right to put students under pressure when we ask them to be creative?
Slide 22: Use brainstorming:
To
generate possible solutions. To help generate problem statements. As a break in a class. To introduce or break the ice. Where creative responses are appropriate.
Slide 23: Beyond brainstorming
Slide 24: 2. Forced Questioning
Problem
solvers use terms to help them formulate original questions regarding a topic.
Slide 25: Basic Question Terms
Who What Where When Why How
Slide 26: Sample Problem:
Design
a system for packaging an egg so that it can withstand being released 20’ above the ground without breaking.
Slide 27: Questions for Egg Drop
What
packaging shapes absorb impact? When, during the egg’s descent, should our system act? What other technologies are designed to minimize injury due to impact? Why are we assuming the egg is to fall?
Slide 28: Question Dice & Question Wheels
Slide 29: Second Set of Terms
Did Will Might Would Could Should
Slide 30: Typical 2-Dice Terms
Who
could… When will… What might…
Slide 31: What can you do with a piece of paper?
Write notes. Draw pictures. Scribble. Work out math problems. Draw maps.
Slide 32: 3. Attribute Listing
List
all of the attributes or properties of an object so that unintended uses appear.
Slide 33: Paper:
White Thin
(0.004”) 90-degree corners Translucent
Slide 34: 4. Manipulative Verbs
Help
us consider a certain change in physical objects or concepts.
Slide 35: Reverse (Push/Pull)
Slide 36: Manipulative Verbs
Adapt Modify Substitute Magnify Minify Rearrange Reverse Combine (Other)
(Alex Osborn)
Slide 37: Manipulative verbs:
Can
be applied to solutions Can be applied to problem statements
Slide 38: Problem Statement Reversal
State
the opposite of your goal: “How can we get people to hate our web site and leave it right away?”
Slide 39: 5. Forced Lateral Thinking
Violates
tacit assumptions (Assumption Smashing) E.g., how can our competitive robot store more balls than its rival? Can become How can our robot get one ball and destroy the rival?
Slide 40: 6. Thinking Assignments
“Six thinking hats” (Edward deBono) White Hat Thinking: facts Red: intuitions and emotions Black: judgment and caution Yellow: logical positive; finding the good in each option Green: creative alternatives Blue: control; metacognition
Slide 41: 7. Forced Analogy & Metaphorical Thinking
Our
company as a life preserver My family seems like candle Love is like a whetstone The Internet is our conscience
(Later
elaborations)
Slide 42: 8. Sketching & Sketchstorming
Fast
sketchstorming Slower, more detailed sketching Sketching while manipulating a 3D object
Slide 43: 9. Constructing / 3D Modeling / Tinkering
Allow
physical objects to stimulate ideas. Have students generate solutions by helping them with visualization. Help student with visualization by having them generate solutions.
Slide 44: 10. Thought Book / Diary / Log
“Last
night, in a dream, I had this great idea for a new invention. I remembered the idea when I first awoke, but I can’t recall it now.”
Slide 45: 11. Stream of Consciousness
Slide 46: 12. Association
Stream
of terms Pairs of terms (Random input method)
Slide 47: Paired Term Association Example
Term Egg Break Fall Time
Asked
Response yolk pedal leaf delay
Slide 48: Forced Connections (Hybrid Ideas)
Making
a connection between two seemingly unrelated terms, concepts or objects. Conceptual: In-line skates Physical: Swiss army knife
Slide 49: Forced Connections: New Product Ideas
Eagle Dog Chair Broom Sun Water Oil Poetry
Slide 50: 13. Morphological Charts
List
different properties (shapes) as column headings and the possible choices below; select a path through the chart.
Slide 51: Chair Chart
Matl
Color Wood black Metal brown Plastic white blue
Rock yes no
Height tall regular adjustable
Slide 52: Chair Chart
Matl
Color Wood black Metal brown Plastic white blue
Rock yes no
Height tall regular adjustable
Slide 53: 14. Mind Mapping
Tony
Buzan
Slide 54: 15. Other graphic displays
Storyboarding Venn
Diagrams Flowcharting Lotus Blossom
Thinkpak
by Michael Michalko
Slide 55: 16. Fooling your mind
Putting
it on the back burner
Problem Solving”
“Unconscious
Walking
around
Frequent
disruptions may promote alternatives. Cf “The Discontinuity Principle”
Slide 56: 17. Research!!!
Visit the library. Read. Search the Internet. Ask experts. Conduct experiments. Visit the competition. (Imitation) Read more. Assess previous attempts. Discuss what you know. Read.
Slide 57: 18. Question the Problem and its Assumptions
Kirk
reprogrammed the computer. Peaches will not grow everywhere. “Maybe it’s not a (blank) problem at all; maybe it’s really a (blank) problem, instead.”
Slide 58: Promoting critical thought
Pay
them to:
Find
a mistake Add to a list
Double
Find
their credit if they:
a mistake on a test Post a correction of a web site
Make
mistakes on purpose
Slide 59: 5 Examples of
1.
Brainstorming
Individual Whole-group Small Relay Round
group robin
Slide 60: Other Ideation Techniques
2. 3.
Forced Questioning
Dice & Question Wheels
Question
Attribute Listing 4. Manipulative Verbs 5. Forced Lateral Thinking 6. Thinking Assignments 7. Forced Analogy & Metaphorical
Slide 61: More Ideation Techniques
8.
Sketching & Sketchstorming 9. Constructing / 3D Modeling / Tinkering 10. Thought Book / Diary / Log 11. Stream of Consciousness 12. Association
Forced
Connections
Slide 62: More Ideation Techniques
13.
Morphological Charts 14. Mind Mapping 15. Other graphic displays 16. Fooling your mind 17. Research 18. Question the Problem and its Assumptions
Slide 63: Helping Students Generate Creative Ideas
Jim Flowers Ball State University
