Slide 1: Integrating the Enterprise
Understanding the concepts of XML, Purpose and Benefits
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Slide 2: XML Introduction
• Data management addresses four central problems:
– Capture – Storage – Retrieval – Exchange XML addresses
• XML is a basis for data exchange, replacing EDI
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Slide 3: Evolution of EDI to the Web
• EDI Standards - starting in 1960’s:
– UN/EDIFACT - international – X.12 - US – AIAG - Automotive Industry Action Group
• Example of an industry group
• XML is largely replacing these
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Slide 4: SGML’s History
• Developed in 1986 • A “meta language” (that is, language for languages) • Advantages
– Reuse – Flexible - content oriented, not presentation specific – Revision - supports version control
• Two children - HTML and XML
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Slide 5: XML
• eXtensible Markup Language • A generic data storage format • Bundled with a number of tools and technologies to make it easier to exchange data between incompatible systems. • XML is open and generic, expect more and more organizations to jump on XML the bandwagon
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Slide 6: XML compared to HTML
• • • • XML Information content Extensible set of tags Data exchange language • Greater hypertext linking HTML Information presentation Fixed set of tags Data presentation language Limited hypertext linking
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Slide 7: What can I do with XML?
• Publication:
– Database content can be converted into XML and then into HTML by using an XSLT stylesheet. Information no longer has to be stored in different formats (i.e. RTF, DOC, PDF, HTML). Content can be stored in the neutral XML format and spun out.
• Interaction:
– XML can be used for accessing and changing data interactively Page 7
Slide 8: What Can I do with XML?
• Integration:
– Using XML, homogenous and heterogenous applications can be integrated. In this case, XML is used to describe data, interfaces, and protocols.
• Transaction:
– XML helps to process transactions in applications like online marketplaces, supply chain management, and e-procurement systems.
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Slide 9: Key Features of XML
• Elements have both an opening and a closing tag • Elements follow a strict hierarchy, with documents containing only one root element • Elements cannot overlap other elements • Element names must obey XML naming conventions • XML is case sensitive
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Slide 10: XML Efficiencies
• Write once and format many times: Once an XML file is created it can be presented in multiple ways by applying different XML stylesheets. Display XML data on a web page or print it in a book. • Hardware and software independence: XML files are standard text files, they can be read by any application. • Write once and exchange many times: Once an industry agrees on a XML standard for data exchange, data can be readily exchanged. • Faster and more precise web searching: When the meaning of information can be determined by a computer (by reading the tags), web searching will be enhanced.
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Slide 11: Major XML Elements
• The major XML elements are:
– XML document: An XML file containing XML code. – XML schema: An XML file that describes the structure of a document and its tags. – XML stylesheet: An XML file containing formatting instructions for an XML file.
• Other technology - CSS, DTD
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