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Countrywide Case Study 



 

 
 
Tags:  countrywide  bankruptcy  credit crisis  financial turmoil  bailout 
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Published:  October 28, 2008
 
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Slide 1: The Countrywide Credit Crisis Trent Mullins Sarah Oline Gustavo Pifano
Slide 2: Countrywide Financial Corporation • Founded in 1969  • Operations in: Mortgage  Banking, Banking, Capital  Markets, Global Operations • The Nation’s largest  mortgage lender • #91 of Fortune 500 • Holds 17% of all US  mortgages
Slide 3: Summer 2007: A Weak Economic  Climate • Lack of confidence in borrower  credit­worthiness  • Increase in the rise of foreclosures  and mortgage defaults, particularly  among borrowers with subprime  loans • A “Subprime loan” is loan given to borrowers  with poor credit history; it comes with a higher  rate of interest & is usually adjustable • With 9.7% of the market share, Countrywide  is the nation’s largest subprime loaner
Slide 4: Summer 2007: A Weak Economic  Climate • Lack of confidence in borrower  credit­worthiness  • Increase in the rise of foreclosures  and mortgage defaults, particularly  among borrowers with subprime  loans • Over speculative housing market 
Slide 5: Problems at Countrywide A) May 16, 2007: Countrywide Financial Corp. announces agreement to sell $4  billion in floating debt securities B) July 24, 2007: Countrywide announces profits for Q2 are down 33% C) August 16, 2007: Countrywide announces its plan to borrow $11.5 billion  from 40 banks to offset liquidity problems
Slide 6: August 16: The Crisis Begins • Why would a mortgage company in a weakening  market need $11.5 billion? • Bankruptcy fears… ­Stock price drops 50% from the beginning of  June to the end of August
Slide 7: Other Losers • Merrill Lynch suffers $7.9 Billion in subprime related  losses for 2007’s Q3 • Citigroup profits down $3 Billion • Bank of America earnings down $1.5 Billion for Q3 • American Mortgage files bankruptcy
Slide 8: Crisis Fallout • Countrywide losses  are $1.2 billion for Q3; first  quarterly loss in 25 years • 12,000 employees terminated • CEO Angelo Mozilo under SEC investigation  regarding his dumping of shares just prior to  Countrywide’s stiff decline; he claims he is ready for  retirement; Mozilo is 68 years old • Housing market is looking bearish • Countrywide’s “task now is to convince investors  that the company is returning to a policy designed to  safeguard the interests of consumers and  shareholders alike.”  Amos, Julie. “Mortgage Crisis Topples Countrywide.” 05 Oct 2007. www.rebuild.org.
Slide 9: External Criticism • 4,000 News headlines since the Countrywide saga  began from the New York Times to the Canberra  Times • NC State Treasurer, Richard Moore, launches SEC  investigation into Countrywide’s CEO over his  alleged dumping of CFC shares just before their  rapid devaluation; Moore is not only a shareholder,  but also a politician serving his constituents  • New York Times writer Gretchen Morgensen’s  vendetta to protect shareholder rights – Investigation still on­going
Slide 10: Crisis Communication Silence • CFC initially issues very little public comment or explanations Blame • Blames poor housing market for its financial problems  – Slow reactions further sustained a negative image of the company  – CEO eventually gives in to interviews Rebuttal • Countrywide issues an online response to NYT writer Gretchen  Morgenson’s attack on the company’s lending practices – Focuses on their long and positive history as well as their  dedication to employees and borrowers • Countrywide assists the “American Dream.” – Critics claim Countrywide did not react to the quick enough to the changing  market – Response highlights that Countrywide has already slowed its  subprime loans (9% in 2006 and down to 5% in July 2007) and  that it will continue to do so in the future. 
Slide 11: Image Restoration Strategies • Denial: Company takes no direct responsibility,  blaming poor housing market and media attacks • Diminishment: Dismisses bankruptcy  accusations and stresses long history of  success and positive outlook for future • Excuses/Good Intent: Asserts defaulting loans  not given with ill­intent, rather to assist  borrowers with poor credit histories in owning  their own home
Slide 12: Rebuilding • Bring in outside crisis managers • Implement Internal PR campaigns • Rebuild reputation through corrective action
Slide 13: Enter: The Crisis Consultants • Burson­Marsteller, a major and  experienced public relations firm,  hired to structure and organize an  internal and external  communication game plan – Worked with Johnson & Johnson,  Sony, Ford, Dow Chemicals and  others in their 50 year history – 6 people on site in Calabasas and  25 people working on the campaign  throughout the organization
Slide 14: Internal Communications • • • Internal campaign to encourage employees to stand strong in  the face of adversity “PR blitz aimed at repairing its reputation” – Wall Street Journal Drew Gissinger, executive managing director of CFC, outlined  the plan in a conference call with 250 opinion leaders within  Countrywide – Reaches across all key audiences “Protect Our House” – Transcript of the call sent to all employees along with an outline of  the plan – Hosting Town Hall meetings in Calabasas and with employees  across the country to discuss these efforts – Demonstrates an understanding that rebuilding and bolstering must  take place internally as well as externally
Slide 15: “Protect Our House” (Cont.) • SOCIAL MISSION: • Falling back on Corporate Values – “We’re dedicated to helping people buy homes by lowering the  barriers to homeownership.  Homeownership has been and will  continue to be a bedrock of stability in our country and a path for  everyone to achieve the American Dream” – “We have helped over 20 million Americans achieve this dream  since we were founded in 1964 – “We care deeply about this company, and know that this  organization is very, very special” – Drew Gissinger, Jason Schechter
Slide 16: “Protect Our House” (Cont.) • BUSINESS MISSION: – “We’re competitive to a fault, intense, passionate about what we  do and our work achievements help define who we are” – “Every time we’ve faced a paradigm shift within our business,  we’ve emerged stronger than before.  This time will be no  different” – “I’ve made a lot of people rich or richer who have followed me on  my past crusades, please trust that the same holds true here” ­Drew Gissinger, Jason Schechter
Slide 17: Employee Loyalty • Employee loyalty is a key component of  the campaign – Asked to tell “Countrywide Story” to everyone – Asked to sign a “Protect Our House” pledge – Receive a “Protect Our House” wristband
Slide 18: “Protect YOUR House” • Sister external campaign that targets certain segments  of customers , business partners, and other stakeholders – Working for them as well – Pledge extensive media outreach efforts and direct  communications to partners as they navigate the crisis – “Growing, winning, and being the best is hard wired into our  DNA” – Drew Gissinger
Slide 19: Corrective Actions • Oct. 23, 2007:  CFC announces comprehensive home  preservation program by calling for refinancing of up to  $16 billion of home loans • Oct. 31, 2007:  Agree to send HOPE NOW letters to at­ risk borrowers, asking them to get help • Nov. 7, 2007:  CFC partners with National Foundation of  Credit Counseling (NFCC) and encourages consumers  to utilize the Home Ownership Mortgage Education  (H.O.M.E.) program
Slide 20: Government Regulation • December 3, 2007: Secretary of Treasury Hank  Paulson announces the “HOPE NOW” Initiative • HOPE Now will seek to refinance and repackage  subprime adjustable loans into a State Housing  Agency with municipal bond rates; this will lower  said interest payments by approximately 2% . • No Federal money will be used to bail out defaults;  States will have to bear the cost • Countrywide pledges full cooperation and support  for HOPE NOW’s initiative and cause.
Slide 21: Looking Forward • Despite heavy Q3 losses, Countrywide expects a  profitable Q4 and 2008 • Stock price bottomed out at $8.64 and has been  slowly rising (currently around $12/share) • Internal campaigns appear to have stabilized  employee and stakeholder morale • Endorsed and helped found HOPE NOW Initiative • Adjusted business models as firms learn from  subprime mistakes • “When home prices go back up, Countrywide will be  on top again” ­Dan Tarman Former Managing Director, Corporate  Communications
Slide 22: Discussion Questions • How can a corporation find the right balance  between its social and financial missions? • How can a publicly traded company control  reactions to negative news headlines when the  headlines have a severely negative impact on the  company’s stock value and reputation? • Should Countrywide have taken any direct  responsibility for the number of foreclosures on its  subprime loans? 

   
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