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Slide 1: SIP Trunking & Security in an Enterprise Network Dan York, CISSP VOIPSA Best Practices Chair September 17, 2008
Slide 2: © 2008 VOIPSA and Owners as Marked
Slide 3: Privacy Compliance Availability Confidence Mobility Cost Avoidance Business Continuity © 2008 VOIPSA and Owners as Marked
Slide 4: © 2008 VOIPSA and Owners as Marked
Slide 5: © 2008 VOIPSA and Owners as Marked
Slide 6: © 2008 VOIPSA and Owners as Marked
Slide 7: © 2008 VOIPSA and Owners as Marked
Slide 8: TDM security is relatively simple... PSTN Gateways TDM Switch Voicemail Physical Wiring © 2008 VOIPSA and Owners as Marked
Slide 9: VoIP security is more complex Operating Systems Firewalls Standards Instant Messaging Databases Desktop PCs Network Switches Voice over IP Internet Voicemail E-mail Systems Web Servers Wireless Devices PSTN Gateways PDAs Directories Physical Wiring © 2008 VOIPSA and Owners as Marked
Slide 10: VoIP can be more secure than the PSTN if it is properly deployed. © 2008 VOIPSA and Owners as Marked
Slide 11: VoIP Security Concerns
Slide 12: Security concerns in telephony are not new… Image courtesy of the Computer History Museum © 2008 VOIPSA and Owners as Marked
Slide 13: Nor are our attempts to protect against threats… Image courtesy of Mike Sandman – http://www.sandman.com/ © 2008 VOIPSA and Owners as Marked
Slide 14: Security Aspects of IP Telephony Media / Voice Manage ment TCP/IP Call Network Control PSTN Policy © 2008 VOIPSA and Owners as Marked
Slide 15: Media Eavesdropping Degraded Voice Quality Encryption Virtual LANs (VLANs) Packet Filtering © 2008 VOIPSA and Owners as Marked
Slide 16: Signaling Denial of Service Impersonation Toll Fraud Encryption Encrypted Phone Software Proper Programming © 2008 VOIPSA and Owners as Marked
Slide 17: Management Web Interfaces APIs! Encryption Change Default Passwords! Patches? We don’t need... Phones! © 2008 VOIPSA and Owners as Marked
Slide 18: PSTN © 2008 VOIPSA and Owners as Marked
Slide 19: Geography © 2008 VOIPSA and Owners as Marked
Slide 20: Internet LAN © 2008 VOIPSA and Owners as Marked
Slide 21: SIP Trunking
Slide 22: The Challenge of SIP Trunking PSTN SIP Service Provider Internet IP-PBX LAN © 2008 VOIPSA and Owners as Marked
Slide 23: SIP Trunking PSTN SIP Service Provider Carrier Network IP-PBX LAN © 2008 VOIPSA and Owners as Marked
Slide 24: The Challenge of SIP Trunking PSTN SIP Service Provider Internet IP-PBX LAN © 2008 VOIPSA and Owners as Marked
Slide 25: SIP Trunking - Business Continuity PSTN SIP Service Provider SIP Service Provider IP-PBX LAN Internet © 2008 VOIPSA and Owners as Marked
Slide 26: SIP Trunking - Business Continuity PSTN SIP Service Provider SIP Service Provider SIP Service Provider IP-PBX LAN Internet © 2008 VOIPSA and Owners as Marked
Slide 27: Cloud Computing
Slide 28: Geography © 2008 VOIPSA and Owners as Marked
Slide 29: Moving Voice Applications into “the Cloud” Application Platform Internet / WAN IP-PBX LAN PSTN © 2008 VOIPSA and Owners as Marked
Slide 30: Moving Telephony into “the Cloud” Hosted “IP-PBX” Internet / WAN Firewall LAN PSTN © 2008 VOIPSA and Owners as Marked
Slide 31: Can you trust “the Cloud” to be there? © 2008 VOIPSA and Owners as Marked
Slide 32: Questions for SIP Trunk Providers or Cloud Computing Platforms? • What kind of availability guarantees / Service Level Agreements (SLAs) does the platform vendor provide? • What kind of geographic redundancy is built into the underlying network? • What kind of network redundancy is built into the underlying network? • What kind of physical redundancy is built into the data centers? • What kind of monitoring does the vendor perform? • What kind of scalability is in the cloud computing platform? • What kind of security, both network and physical, is part of the computing platform? • Finally, what will the vendor do if there is downtime? Will the downtime be reflected in your bill? © 2008 VOIPSA and Owners as Marked
Slide 33: Spam / SPIT
Slide 34: What about SPIT? (“SPam over Internet Telephony”) • What does a traditional telemarketer need? • Makes for great headlines, but not yet a significant threat • Fear is script/tool that: – Iterates through calling SIP addresses: • 111@sip.company.com, 112@sip.company.com, … • Opens an audio stream if call is answered (by person or voicemail) – Steals VoIP credentials and uses account to make calls • Reality is that today such direct connections are generally not allowed • This will change as companies make greater use of SIP trunking and/or directly connect IP-PBX systems to the Internet (and allow incoming calls from any other IP endpoint) • Until that time, PSTN is de facto firewall SPAM © 2008 VOIPSA and Owners as Marked
Slide 35: Resources
Slide 36: What is the Industry Doing to Help? Security Vendors “The Sky Is Falling!” (Buy our products!) VoIP Vendors “Don’t Worry, Trust Us!” (Buy our products!) © 2008 VOIPSA and Owners as Marked
Slide 37: Voice Over IP Security Alliance (VOIPSA) • • • • • • www.voipsa.org – 100 members from VoIP and security industries VOIPSEC mailing list – www.voipsa.org/VOIPSEC/ “Voice of VOIPSA” Blog – www.voipsa.org/blog Blue Box: The VoIP Security Podcast – www.blueboxpodcast.com VoIP Security Threat Taxonomy Best Practices Project underway now Security Research Market and Social Objectives and Constraints Classification Taxonomy of Security Threats Best Practices for VoIP Security Outreach Communication of Findings Security System Testing LEGEND Published Active Now Ongoing © 2008 VOIPSA and Owners as Marked
Slide 38: www.voipsa.org/Resources/tools.php © 2008 VOIPSA and Owners as Marked
Slide 39: © 2008 VOIPSA and Owners as Marked
Slide 40: Tools, tools, tools... • • • • • • • • • • • • • • UDP Flooder IAX Flooder IAX Enumerator ohrwurm RTP Fuzzer RTP Flooder INVITE Flooder AuthTool BYE Teardown Redirect Poison Registration Hijacker Registration Eraser RTP InsertSound RTP MixSound SPITTER • • • • • • • • • • • • • Asteroid enumIAX iWar StegRTP VoiPong Web Interface for SIP Trace SIPScan SIPCrack SiVuS SIPVicious Tool Suite SIPBomber SIPsak SIP bot © 2008 VOIPSA and Owners as Marked
Slide 41: Security Links • VoIP Security Alliance - http://www.voipsa.org/ – Threat Taxonomy - http://www.voipsa.org/Activities/taxonomy.php – VOIPSEC email list - http://www.voipsa.org/VOIPSEC/ – Weblog - http://www.voipsa.org/blog/ – Security Tools list - http://www.voipsa.org/Resources/tools.php – Blue Box: The VoIP Security Podcast - http://www.blueboxpodcast.com • NIST SP800-58, “Security Considerations for VoIP Systems” – http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/nistpubs/800-58/SP800-58-final.pdf • Network Security Tools – http://sectools.org/ • Hacking Exposed VoIP site and tools – http://www.hackingvoip.com/ © 2008 VOIPSA and Owners as Marked
Slide 42: VoIP can be more secure than the PSTN if it is properly deployed. © 2008 VOIPSA and Owners as Marked
Slide 43: Q&eh? www.voipsa.org Dan York - dyork@voxeo.com