Slide 1: Paralysis
What is it? Who is affected Signs and symptoms Causes What happens to the body Different variations Treatments How treatment works
By: Heather, Jeffrey, Jamie, Angeline
Slide 2: What is paralysis?
Paralysis is the complete
loss of muscle function for one or more muscle groups.
Paralysis often includes loss
of feeling in the affected area.
Slide 3: Types of Paralysis
Paralysis is caused by
damage to a neuron (nerve supplying to muscle) Upper motor neurons convey the message from the brain to the nervous system -Damage causes an increased tightening in muscle called spasticity. Lower motor neurons provide the final path for the signal to reach the muscle -Damage leads to loss of tone called flaccidity
Slide 4: Types of paralysis symptoms
Facial paralysis Sleep paralysis Jaw paralysis Leg paralysis Partial paralysis Total paralysis Muscle paralysis Paraplegia Flaccid paralysis Ankle paralysis Arm paralysis Elbow paralysis Eye paralysis Finger paralysis Foot paralysis Jaw paralysis Knee paralysis Thigh paralysis Wrist paralysis
paraplegia
Slide 5: Signs and symptoms
Sudden paralysis is most often caused by injury or stroke. Damage to the right side of the brain - paralysis on the left side of the body Damage to the spine -equal sided paralysis • Damage to the lower spine - paralysis of both legs (paraplegia) • Damage done higher on the spine - paralysis of all four limbs (quadriplegia)
Slide 6: More signs and symptoms
symptoms may include : numbness tingling pain changes in vision difficulties with speech problems with balance difficulties in breathing.
Numbness
Tingling in leg
Slide 7: Variations of Paralysis
Noted by severity
-Plegia: Total loss of movement ability (true paralysis) -Paresis: Only muscle weakness -Palsy: Means the same thing as paralysis (another common term)
Slide 8: Upper and Lower Neuron Damage
The range of causes is very vast and is complicated further when both neuron groups are affected. Conditions that affect the brain and spinal cord usually result in upper motor neuron damage -i.e. Stroke, tumors, multiple sclerosis, spinal bifida, cerebral palsy, or severe injury to the neck, head, or back Lower motor neuron damage resulting in flaccid paralysis is less common and can occur when an injury to a limb involves a nerve supplying to muscle -i.e. An injury to the upper arm could lead to the loss of movement in the hand and forearm
Slide 9: Polyneuropathies
A large number of rather rare
disorders that can cause more widespread paralysis Can be inherited May be triggered by drugs, allergies, or poison May be a symptom of diabetes A more well known example would be poliomyelitis
Slide 10: Motor Neuron Disease
A group of progressive
neurological disorders that destroy motor neurons
Causes both types of paralysis
-This can also occur when people suffer severe injuries such as head or spinal injury, along with lower motor neuron paralysis from injury to the nerves providing to muscle.
Slide 11: Who is affected?
Strokes (certain types) Spinal cord injuries Broken necks Neurological diseases Autoimmune diseases Bell’s palsy
Source: Medline Plus
Slide 12: Treatments and how the treatment works
Physical therapy Mobility Range of motion Muscle strength
Source: Health A to Z
Slide 13: Treatments and how the treatment works
Occupational therapy Modify home Allow self-care Other
Respiratory therapist Psychologist Speech therapist
Respiratory therapist
Slide 14: Work cited page
Health A to Z Medline Plus Brain an spine foundation Wrong diagnosis
Power point and presentation by: Heather, Jamie, Jeffrey and Angeline
