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Slide 1: New Mexico’s Creative Economy   Presented by Thomas H. Aageson Executive Director Museum of New Mexico Foundation   National Lt. Governors Association December 3-5, 2008 Santa Fe, New Mexico
Slide 2: Arts, Cultural and Creative Industries Create • • • • • • Jobs Income across a broad spectrum of the community Tax Revenues New capital for our local economies Sustainable economic development And…they enhance our quality of life Palace of the Governors, Santa Fe
Slide 3: Creative Economy   Local UNM's Bureau of Business and Economic Research (BBER) Reports UNM Study for Santa Fe: www.unm.edu/~bber/pubs/SFCoArtsES.pdf UNM Study For Bernalillo County : http://www.unm.edu/~bber/pubs/berncoarts.pdf New Mexico MainStreet: http://www.unm.edu/~bber/pubs/mainstreet.htm Regional New England Foundation for the Arts Studies: http://www.nefa.org/pubs/  National Finland, Denmark, UK, Canada, Australia, Latvia, Etc. UN Creative Economy Report 2008: http://unctad.org Global      UNESCO “International Flows of Selected Cultural Goods and Services”, 1994-2003.      Globally: 7% of the World’s GDP    Growth is at a 7% Rate of Growth       Global Export Trade was US $39.3 Billion in 1994 and rose to 59.2 Billion in 2002.
Slide 4: What’s Going On Around The Country? • “Building a Creative Economy in Southwest Virginia; Art, Culture and Sustainable Development” A Conference. Appalachian Sustainable Development (ASD), http://www.asdevelop.org “Some 1,000 artists and arts organizations are now working in the Dumbo section of Brooklyn, courtesy of Two Trees Management. Operating on the principle that cultural ferment makes a neighborhood hot, Two Trees has offered creative people rents that they cannot refuse.” The Lords of Dumbo Make Room for the Arts, at Least for the Moment.” Going Coastal Blog, New York Times [New York] 9 March, 2008. Wong, Brad “Artspace debuts Central District lofts for Seattle's creative community. Painters, musicians, sculptors now have room to stretch.”, Seattle Post-Intelligencer [Seattle] 4 April 2008. Sandstrom, Karen. “Conference to Explore How to Capitalize on Arts Districts.” The Plain Dealer [Cleveland] 2 March 2008. Cookson, Brian. "Freight House District keeps Evolving into Trendy Hot Spot." Kansas City Business Journal [Kansas City] 17 December 1999. • • • •
Slide 5: • Cultural Industries: Music, Performing Arts (Theater, Dance), Literature, Visual Arts, Museums, Craft, Film, Cultural & Heritage Festivals and Markets, Culinary, and Culturally based education, Architecture, Healing Arts, Design, Publishing, Web 2.0 • Creative Industries: All of the Above plus New Media, Software, Advertising, Marketing, Fashion, Design, Publishing, Radio, Television, Licensing software (e.g. games) driven primarily by markets • Cultural Creators: Musicians, Dancers, Composers, Writers, Photographers, Artisans, Artists, Teachers, Designers, Actors, Chefs, Architects. Rio Rancho, NM residence designed by New Mexico architect Bart Prince
Slide 6: • Auxiliary & Support Services: Hotels, Shops, Recording, Technicians, Publishing Houses, Agents, Photo Agencies, Galleries, etc. Envision Gallery, Taos NM • Cultural Producers & Marketers: Producers, Directors, Publishers, Promoters, Retailers, Distributors, etc.
Slide 7: New Mexico’s Arts-Related Businesses Americans for the Arts Reports: • Santa Fe has more arts-related businesses per capita than any city in the US • In the US, arts-related businesses make up 2.2 % of all employment New Mexico Studies Reports: • Gallup, Silver City and Santa Fe have between 15%20% of their employment supported by arts-related businesses
Slide 8: New Mexico’s Arts and Cultural Industry Impact on New Mexico’s Overall Economy: $ 3.1 billion Impact on Employment: 58,772 jobs Impact on Salaries: $ 912 million Impact on Tax Revenues: $ 230 million Impact on New Mexico’s Tourism Industry: $ 1.53 billion Source: The New Mexico Department of Cultural Affairs
Slide 9: Economic Impact One Example- A Museum as a Creative Enterprise Inflow Sources Public & Gov. Support Local and Outside $ Private & Foundation Support Local and Outside $ Attendance Local and Outside $ Museum Outflows Staff Payroll Spent in the local economy Museum Shop Payroll Services Products $ Mostly spent locally Services Museum Services Restaurant Hotels Shopping $ Locally Spent Suppliers Advertising, Printing, Exhibit Fabrication, Curriculum Support, Web 2.0 Development Utilities Insurance $ Locally spent
Slide 10: New Mexico has an estimated 20,000 Cultural Enterprises Led by Cultural Entrepreneurs Chef Rocky Santa Fe School of Cooking Photo by Gerald E. McLeod Potters, Musicians, Weavers, Writers, Jewelers, Producers, Performing Artists, Publishers, Chefs, Gallery Owners, Artists, Designers, Cameramen……
Slide 11: New Mexico’s New Creative Enterprises are Emerging ABQ Studios is open and fully booked Los Alamos Venture Accelerator Fund with $2M from LANS MISP/Muse (DCA + Highlands University) Creative industries graduate program Albuquerque Studios NM Computing Applications Center (the state supercomputer)
Slide 12: Emerging Creative Enterprises Santa Fe Complex a community workshop exploring connections between science, technology, and the arts Santa Fe Innovation Park an applied solutions laboratory Sony ImageWorks plans to build a satellite facility in ABQ Sustainable Technologies Center for workforce training/ applied R&D at SFCC Venture Capital Firms Flywheel Ventures, etc. investing in Creative Enterprises
Slide 13: Global Center for Cultural Entrepreneurship Culturalentrepreneur.org Creating Cultural Value and Economic Wealth Through Cultural Entrepreneurship
Slide 14: New Mexico Creates Creating Markets and Supporting Our Museums www.newmexicocreates.org
Slide 15: M us e um o f N e w Me xic o F o unda tio n N e w M e xic o C re a te s P urc ha s e s fro m N e w Me xic o A rtis ts a nd A rtis a ns $1,200,000 $1,100,000 $1,017,000 $1,000,000 $908,859 $802,500 $800,000 $631,000 $600,000 $836,800 $400,000 $324,000 $200,000 $0 FY01/02 FY02/03 FY03/04 FY04/05 FY05/06 FY06/07 FY07/08
Slide 16: Santa Fe’s Arts and Cultural Industries Generated over $1billion in revenues Representing just under 20% of the County’s Gross Domestic Product BBER Study, Executive Summary New Mexico Museum of Art, Santa Fe
Slide 17: Santa Fe’s Arts and Cultural Industries employed 12,567 people representing 17.5% of total employment in Santa Fe county and paid $231.5 million in wages and salaries. BBER Study, Executive Summary (N.B. Europe’s Creative Sector Employment = 2.6%) Georgia O’Keeffe Museum, Santa Fe
Slide 18: “the funds that the A&CIs inject into the economy create new jobs and new sources of income on a net basis.” “By BBER estimates, the $814 million that the A&CIs and cultural tourism bring into Santa Fe may account for as much as 39% of the total inflow of money (new capital) into the local economy…” BBER Study, Executive Summary Canyon Road in Santa Fe created through Zoning for Arts and Crafts District
Slide 19: Cultural Enterprises • Cultural enterprises are commercial ventures that connect creators and artists to markets and consumers. They create, produce and market cultural goods and services, generating economic, cultural and social opportunities for creators while adding cultural value for consumers. Cultural enterprises are both nonprofit and profit, that use business approaches; and, deploy financial, human and cultural capital (creativity, talent, cultural traditions, knowledge and intellectual property) in a strategic and entrepreneurial manner. Cultural enterprises are diverse in nature and size. They range from micro and SME to large firms. Cultural enterprises operate in the following fields: performing arts, museums, music, literature, publishing, film, photography, folk art, design, architecture, education, cultural and creative tourism, new multimedia, etc. They include, for example, publishing houses, production companies, photo agencies, markets, galleries or museum enterprises. • • Aageson, Thomas H. “Cultural Entrepreneurs: Producing Cultural Value and Wealth.” The Cultures and Globalization Series: The Cultural Economy. Ed. Anheier, Helmut and Yudhishthir Raj Isar. London: Sage Publications, 2008. 92-107.
Slide 20: Cultural Capital • Cultural capital can include traditions, music, skills, dress, stories, art, decorations, feasts and celebrations, food, place, dwellings (antique, historic), etc. • Individuals carry forward traditions while communities often have a legacy of creative talent that form its cultural capital. • Organizations, e.g., museums, libraries, performing arts, are repositories of cultural capital made available to the public. • Educational organizations that foster cultural creativity and advance traditions build community cultural capital. Aageson, Thomas H. “Cultural Entrepreneurs: Producing Cultural Value and Wealth.” The Cultures and Globalization Series: The Cultural Economy. Ed. Anheier, Helmut and Yudhishthir Raj Isar. London: Sage Publications, 2008. 92-107.
Slide 21: Cultural Entrepreneurs • Cultural Entrepreneurs are cultural change agents and resourceful visionaries who generate revenue from a cultural activity. Their innovative solutions result in economically sustainable cultural enterprises that enhance livelihoods and create cultural value and wealth for both creative producers and consumers of cultural services and products. Aageson, Thomas H. “Cultural Entrepreneurs: Producing Cultural Value and Wealth.” The Cultures and Globalization Series: The Cultural Economy. Ed. Anheier, Helmut and Yudhishthir Raj Isar. London: Sage Publications, 2008. 92-107.
Slide 22: Cultural Organizational Entrepreneurs • Cultural Organizational Entrepreneurs are cultural change agents and resourceful visionaries who create programs and/or organizations that contribute to the enhancement of people’s lives culturally. They create cultural value in the community, small and large, through their entrepreneurial approach to cultural change. These programs and organizations require ongoing philanthropic support and subsidy, some of which is created by cultural enterprises. Aageson, Thomas H. “Cultural Entrepreneurs: Producing Cultural Value and Wealth.” The Cultures and Globalization Series: The Cultural Economy. Ed. Anheier, Helmut and Yudhishthir Raj Isar. London: Sage Publications, 2008. 92-107.
Slide 23: Common Characteristics of a Cultural Entrepreneur • • • • • • Cultural Entrepreneurs do have common characteristics around the globe. Their values are similar in terms of their attitudes towards authentic culture. Passion: Every entrepreneur has a passion for the culture, a community’s traditions and talents and especially for the creators, be they innovators, masters or cultural workers. Vision: The cultural entrepreneur has a vision for the enterprise that encompasses the “wholeness” of the enterprise. The entrepreneur sees the problem and the solution, the need and the talent to create the market link as the whole picture. Innovative: The entrepreneur thinks out of ordinary ways to achieve solutions and build markets while able to adapt commonly accepted market strategies into the new enterprise. Vision-Leader: The cultural entrepreneur is a vision-leader who has the passion to see the vision through to the development of the cultural enterprise-persistent, determined, committed to the vision and creates commitment to the vision. Servant-Leader: The entrepreneur has a deep sense of service to the creators and cultural workers as well as to the consumer. There is a total, selfless dedication to the cultural beneficiaries.
Slide 24: • Market Creator: Often the cultural entrepreneur has to create new cultural markets rather than entering into an existing market, making the entrepreneurial effort a twofold challenge. Resourceful: Acts as though the resources will arrive to achieve the mission. Net worker: Maintains a wide network of people who will support the vision and create strategic partnerships with investors, opinion makers, market makers and creators. Sustainability Innovator: Creates a whole cloth of sustainability, weaving together economic, social, environmental and cultural values. Mission-Market Balanced: Creates an enterprise that is both mission-driven and market-focused. Problem Solver: Problems are not obstacles but challenges that must be met and solved. Market Savvy: Can create market intelligence through observation, analysis, create analogous scenarios to commercial markets and cultural markets, adopt and adapt and extrapolate it all into a new cultural enterprise vision. • • • • • •
Slide 25: What Does a Cultural Entrepreneur Do? • The Cultural Entrepreneur creates a vision for a cultural enterprise that bridges a market need with cultural traditions, cultural experiences and cultural innovations, enhancing the livelihoods of cultural creators and workers and enriching the consumer. • The Cultural Entrepreneur identifies and gathers cultural capital, partnering it with people and financial capital, creating a financially sustainable enterprise. • The cultural entrepreneur holds the passion to muster the resources and the people to make the enterprise a reality and sustainable.
Slide 26: How to Finance a Cultural Enterprise Financing a cultural enterprise can be done in different ways and often several sources of capital are combined and deployed in a cultural enterprise. Financial capital comes after the enterprise concept and business plan is developed. The business idea must be viable on paper before capital can be raised to finance the enterprise. Ten of the most common sources of capital are explained below: 1. Enterprise Income: Often the cultural organization has funds for investing in a new enterprise. If there is a current enterprise that is profitable and throwing off cash that can be invested in the expansion of an enterprise or to create a new enterprise. 1. Private Support: The cultural enterprise may have a Board of Directors that can invest in the enterprise or private investors who are prepared to support the new endeavor. Social Venture Funds are now beginning to be formed and it is important that cultural enterprises are in fact viewed of equivalent value as a social enterprise creating cultural value as well as social value. 1. Grants: When an enterprise is in a non-profit organization or is chartered as a non-profit corporation, it is possible to seek grants to use as zero-cost capital that finances the development of the enterprise. Foundations make grants of this form that are either straight grants or as Mission Related Investments (MRI) that carry a minimal capital cost if they are debt. Foundations will make a blend of investments that are sometimes part grant, part debt and part equity investment using a PRI.
Slide 27: 1. Membership: By creating a membership in the organization to support the endeavor, an enterprise can be financed from start up through to the growth phase. Cooperatives often take this form of financing with each member contributing. 1. Sponsorship: Offering sponsorships of a market, a festival or a cooperative can raise new capital. Sponsorships are often viewed as marketing opportunities by other enterprises that want their name associated with the enterprise. Individual sponsors want to support the endeavor and do not expect a return for their support. This works best with a non-profit where the individual can take advantage of a tax deduction in those countries that allow them. 1. Government Support: Governments often have incentives for starting cultural enterprises. These can be marketing funds given by an economic development agency that wants to see the income of cultural workers to improve. Other times there are funds to support development in geographic areas such as rural or depressed urban areas. Cast as enterprise development, cultural enterprise development fits into more categories of governmental support. It is difficult to find funds just for culture alone unfortunately so one must be creative, innovative and entrepreneurial in developing these sources of funds. 1. Special Events: Linking special events to the vision of the enterprise can often raise capital. Launches of new products can be done in a fashion that raises funds, as can special invitation gatherings that have an entrance price. Auctions and lotteries also can raise capital for a venture.
Slide 28: 8. Passive Income: Owning property that generates rent can be a source of regular capital to finance a venture. Rather than selling the property, the rental income can be a source of the capital needed to begin the new or next enterprise. Investment income from dividends and interest, should the sponsoring organization hold a portfolio, is also a source of fresh capital. Debt: Debt can be in the form of a bank or private loan. Also, an established organization of substantial size can float bonds to finance part of a new venture. In some economies, non-profit bonds are tax exempt, that gives the enterprise a favorable rate of interest and tax breaks for the investor. Personal and Family Funds: More often than not, micro and small enterprises are financed at the beginning with personal funds and/or those of the family. The entrepreneur’s passion for the vision is such that initial steps must be taken and created for others to join in the vision. The entrepreneur not only invests time and talent, but personal funds to create the initial capital. 9. 10. Each of these strategies needs to be screened as to whether they are long or short-term and whether they are renewable in the future. Some of these sources of funds can be used for capital and others for operating funds and before seeking the capital the entrepreneur has to be able to explain the uses of the funds. The following chart creates a screen to be used when considering the kinds of capital required.
Slide 29: Financing Strategies Short Term Income Strategy? Enterprise Income Grants Private Support Membership Sponsorship Government Support Special Events Passive Income Debt Personal/Family NO YES YES YES YES YES YES NO YES YES Long Term Income Strategy? YES NO YES YES NO NO SOMETIMES YES YES MAYBE Is It Renewable? YES SELDOM YES YES SELDOM SELDOM YES YES YES SOMETIMES Does it Generate Capital Funds? YES YES YES YES NO YES YES YES YES YES Does it Generate Operating Funds? YES YES YES Yes YES YES YES YES NO Yes
Slide 30: Essentials for Starting a Cultural Enterprise There are five essential steps to starting a cultural enterprise. These are common to every enterprise. Existing enterprises grow by a similar path of development when they introduce new cultural products or services as well as a new enterprise. 1. Entrepreneur with a Vision: Every new enterprise needs its champion who has the vision and passion for the venture. The entrepreneur sees the connection between the creators and the markets. 2. Cultural Capital: A rich resource of cultural capital that can be converted into an enterprise. Added to cultural capital must be committed human and financial capital. 3. A Market: Ultimately, an enterprise serves a need that consumers have, realized or not. The enterprise must find that market and fill the need of the consumer. Understanding the potential of the market is first and foremost in the vision yet ultimately it is the end point at which the viability of the enterprise will be determined. 4. Network: A network of people in the cultural field as well as marketing, production and finance. This includes people who will help fund the enterprise. This team is committed to supporting the development of the cultural enterprise. 5. Business Plan: The entrepreneur, often with the help of professionals, creates the business plan that lays out the vision, mission and values of the enterprise; defines the product or service; describes the marketing mix strategy of product, pricing, promotion and distribution; outlines the need for human capital; lays out the production and packaging plan; and has a full five year financial plan that includes Profit and Loss Statements, Balance Sheet and Cash Flow and sources of funds.
Slide 31: Sustainability Sustainability has become an undefined cliché. The term is used most often in the environmental development field, and then it merged into economics and social sectors. Seldom is it used in the cultural sector. In fact, for cultural enterprises, we must use sustainability in a holistic way that is like a woven cloth where the weaving must be strong throughout and one weak strand will make the entire work unravel. A cultural enterprise must weave together all aspects of sustainability into a “whole” cloth.  Social Sustainability creates wide accessibility to arts and cultural heritage, increases civic participation and social responsibility; enhances the lives of artists and other creators, creates a positive impact on learning, all resulting in improving quality of life.  Economic Sustainability occurs when both creator and producers livelihoods are sufficient to meet their essential needs and encourages young people to enter the field and the enterprise is profitable.  Environmental Sustainability is achieved when consumption of natural resources does not exceed replenishment cycles nor does it contaminate our natural resources. Cultural industries are normally one of the more environmental sensitive industries.  Cultural Sustainability is achieved when the creator and producer of cultural products and services results in the continuation and innovation of cultural traditions.
Slide 32: Pyramid of Creative Economy Development Recruit Strengthen & Invest Sector Support Policy Creative Entrepreneur Creative Enterprises Creative Industries Creative Economy
Slide 33: Creative Economy Strategy Integrating Policy in New Mexico at Cabinet Level Cultural Affairs Agriculture Indian Affairs Economic Development Workforce Solutions Education Tourism • • • • Encourage Creative Enterprise Entrepreneurs Focus Investment and Incentives on Creative Enterprises Coordinate Strategies to One Objective Coordinate Rural and Urban Strategies
Slide 34: Creative Enterprise Corridor An Urban Strategy Link our Creative Urban Centers Taos Santa Fe Albuquerque New Mexico
Slide 35: Selected Culture & Economic Development Tools • • • • • • • • • • CID’s and BID’s Film Production Tax Rebates Filmmaker Gross Receipts Tax Deduction Film Investment Loan Program Tax Increment Financing Districts Certified Local Government Program (CLG) Local Historic Preservation Act Main Street Program Arts and Cultural Districts Quality of Life Incremental Tax The O, the Oprah Magazine photo shoot in Taos, New Mexico
Slide 36: Actions Local Communities Can Take Now • Seek out the cultural entrepreneur in their community. • Promote understanding of cultural enterprise and cultural entrepreneurs and all they contribute to society. • Create new capital for cultural entrepreneurs & cultural enterprises. • Develop a cultural enterprise “venture capital fund”. • Establish benchmarks for measuring investments in cultural entrepreneurs and their enterprises that take into consideration economic, social, environmental and cultural sustainability. • Create partnerships (New Mexico Creates & City of Santa Fe: 477.6% ROI)
Slide 37: Recreation and culture are the mortar between the bricks that create a community. They make people want to be here. Communities that are built without them are built without heart. A Case for Investing in Arts, Culture and Heritage, Vis-à-vis Management Resources Inc. visavis@uniserve.com
Slide 38: Economies Locally and Globally are revived with Arts and Cultural Investment
Slide 39: Bilbao, Spain From Industrial Ruins to Architectural Emblems A massive infrastructural transformation and urban regeneration process has turned Bilbao’s wasteland of industrial ruins into a service-oriented and culturally attractive city. The flagship of the entire redevelopment is Frank Gehry’s spectacular Guggenheim-Bilbao Museum. The museum brought $147 million into the local economy in 2001 and another $23 million in taxes, which represents about 4,415 jobs. 1.3 million tourists visited in the first year it was open. Guggenheim Museum Bilbao, Spain
Slide 40: Dallas • The Dallas Arts District is among the most significant in the United States. The City of Dallas showcases the spectacular cultural, performing, visual and culinary arts of Dallas and Texas—one which had the potential to attract visitors to the city, entice locals to the downtown area, instill local pride, educate and stimulate an overall appreciation for the arts, and create international awareness of the new Dallas and its developing role as a cultural and culinary icon. The Dallas City Arts Festival, held in the Arts District each June, is a free arts festival showcasing dance, a variety of music and cultural performances, a juried art show, culinary demonstrations, wine tastings, complimentary admission to world-class museums, exciting exhibits and interactive children's activities . •
Slide 41: Indianapolis, Indiana • The Indianapolis Cultural Development Commission was created in 2002 to support and encourage an environment where arts and culture flourish and to let the world know about the city's vibrant cultural scene. • The Commission created six cultural districts, a public art program, and a fast track funding program. The Fast Track Funding Program was created to give a financial boost to organizations that develop and market local cultural and artistic events and activities that support cultural tourism for the city.
Slide 42: Paducah, Kentucky www.Paducaharts.com Historic area was revived with city leadership and a private community bank. Tools: Code Enforcement Result: Home ownership: Live/work spaces. Artist Relocation Incentives Result: ROI. For every city $1, $11 spent in private investment
Slide 43: Manitou Springs, Colorado Manitou Springs ("Manitou," a Native American word for "spirit”) began as a popular and successful health resort in the 1800s. After the turn of the century, tourists began to replace health seekers and due to various reasons, including the advent of the automobile, visitation declined. In the 1980's came a revival in Manitou with the formation of a National Historic District (one of the largest west of the Mississippi). This spurred the restoration of many commercial buildings and older homes. The Commonwheel Artist's Coop, showcasing work from 40 local artists, began to prosper along with the Business of Art Center, a non-profit business incubator for artists, providing subsidized studio space, art classes, workshops, and business programs. Tourists have rediscovered the charms of all the traditional attractions. People come to Manitou to enjoy the mineral springs, museums, galleries, zoos, parks, dinner theatres, stage shows, as well as rafting, fishing and other outdoor activities. Miramont Castle Museum
Slide 44: Bisbee, Arizona Bisbee, Arizona, 90 miles southeast of Tucson, is a historic copper mining town. It was once of the richest mineral sites in the world until the large scale mining operations became unprofitable in the mid 1970’s. Many artists found Bisbee an ideal, attractive, and inexpensive location to settle and pursue their artistic endeavors. Today, Bisbee has evolved into an attractive artist colony and retirement community. There are several museums, art galleries, theatres, gourmet restaurants, coffee houses, book stores and specialty shops in wellpreserved turn of the century Victorian structures.
Slide 45: Silver City, New Mexico Silver City is a historic mining, ranching and agricultural community in Grants County, New Mexico, nestled alongside more than 3 million acres of the Gila Wilderness. In contrast to other mining communities which eventually became ghost towns, Silver City continued to thrive by expanding its economy to include copper mining, cattle ranching, and lumber milling. Today, Silver City’s western small-town atmosphere and rich cultural heritage has been preserved. Silver City enjoys an active tourism industry, a vibrant arts community, an annual bicycle race, rodeos, conferences, scenic lakes and parks, music festivals, and the Silver City Short Film Festival. Silver City Museum
Slide 46: Davenport, Iowa • Downtown Davenport, Iowa, a city of 100,000 people, is experiencing a boon of recent cultural investments. Along the Mississippi River, all within a five block corridor, is the new Figge Art Museum, the River Music Experience and an innovative arts warehouse project recognized by locals as simply “Bucktown” which houses retail shops, cooperative galleries, artist studios, cultural organizations and loft-style condominiums. • DavenportOne, a municipal improvement district, is working to encourage entrepreneurial culture and promote the idea of advancing home-grown companies that will create more opportunities in the greater Davenport area. The Figge Art Museum, designed by David Chipperfield, represents a key cultural investment into Davenport’s historic downtown.
Slide 47: Global Cultural Entrepreneurs & their Cultural Enterprises
Slide 48: The Benefits of the Arts, Culture and Heritage • 1. Personal Wellbeing – Participating in ACH helps us learn and develop throughout our lives. – Participating in ACH helps build self esteem and positive self-image and helps us relax and have fun which are foundations for satisfaction with life. – Participating in ACH enhances physical and mental health and well-being. 2. Social/societal benefits – ACH builds civic engagement and social cohesion. – ACH builds social relations. – ACH strengthens partnering and community self sufficiency. – ACH helps create a sense of identity, tolerance and pride. • A Case for Investing in Arts, Culture and Heritage, Vis-à-vis Management Resources Inc. visavis@uniserve.com
Slide 49: • 3. Economic benefits – ACH stimulates urban renewal resulting in increased property values & tax revenues. – ACH services as economic drivers generate significant employment and can be integral to community and regional economies. – ACH attracts residents, particularly educated, creative people, and businesses and promotes a creative economy. – ACH can provide the critical mass of tourism product to draw visitors. – Investments in ACH increase expenditures in the community thus retaining & enhancing revenues. – ACH reduces crime and social dysfunction reducing policy, justice and incarceration costs (Canadian Parks/Recreation Association 1997). – ACH helps increase productivity and lower operating costs. • 4. Environmental benefits – Reduction of greenhouse gases and protection of air quality. – Restoration rather than demolition requires less energy & reduces waste. A Case for Investing in Arts, Culture and Heritage, Vis-à-vis Management Resources Inc. visavis@uniserve.com
Slide 50: Zimbabwe Shona Sculpture The term Shona originates from the Ndebele 'abetshona' meaning 'those from over there' and was popularized during colonial times. The Shona have been said to have started carving to express personal feelings and tribal beliefs more than 2000 years ago In Shona sculptures, the artist expresses the fundamental relationships between two guiding forces of Shona life; the visible physical world and the unseen spiritual world. The stone carvers believe that every rock contains a spirit essence that influences how the stone will be shaped and transformed during carving. Their “job" is to release the spirit in the stone, thus giving the artist the ability to be truly creative and expressive. Henry Munyaradzi, “Mother and Child” Serpentine Courtesy the Richard Handelsman Collection
Slide 51: Juan Quezada Mata Ortiz Juan Quezada    9¾" Tall 30" Circumference black olla,  with dark terracotta-red painting As a young boy, 40 years ago, Juan Quezada discovered ancient painted pots in a cave in the rugged hills near his home. Quezada toiled to recreate the pottery methods of the Paquime Indians, a culture that died out centuries ago. After becoming an international pottery star, Quezada trained others in his village. Now, the town of Mata Ortiz is home to several hundred master artisans, and Quezada is a local hero.
Slide 52: South Africa • For centuries South Africa's Zulu people have been famous for the sturdy and beautiful baskets they weave from grasses and palm leaf. Today these baskets are still woven in the countryside, but the Zulus living in urban area have invented a new kind of basket-- the imbenge basket-- woven entirely of recycled telephone wire. In recent years, people in craft cooperatives in the neighboring nation of Zimbabwe have developed their own distinct style of telephone wire basket. The techniques and aesthetic of traditional grass basketweaving have been beautifully adapted by contemporary Zulu artisans to this readily available discarded material. Thenjiwe Sithole Imbenge Zulu Telephone Wire Basket (recycled telephone wire) (7 3/4"dia. x 2 1/2" h)
Slide 53: El Salvador Folk Art from La Palma La Palma is a small town in the province of Chalatenango in Northern El Salvador near the Honduran border. The unique style of craftwork seen in La Palma products was created by the Salvadorian artist Fernando Llort. Fernando Llort Ceramic tile 29.5 cm X 26 cm Crafts from El Salvador continue to change and find new means of expression. Each La Palma item reflects the images of the every-day life of the region. Birds, houses and animals are part of their natural surroundings and are reflected in this form using readily available materials.
Slide 54: Bolivia ASUR (The Foundation for Anthropological Investigation and Ethno Development "Anthropologists of the Southern Andes" Anthropo'logos del Surandino). MISSION: To encourage indigenous artistic and handicraft production of high quality and its commercialization, with the aim of: • Generating employment and income in the rural areas. • Revitalizing the communities' cultural creativity. • Giving spiritual enrichment to the customer. • Strengthening the tourist development of Sucre.
Slide 55: Mexico Setting up a studio in Santa Clara del Cobre, James Metcalf and his wife Ana Pellicer brought new approaches to coppersmithing from both the technical and organizational fronts. The first House of the Artisan in Mexico, founded in 1972, emphasized the collective aspects of the ancient artisans' guilds, previously forbidden in the region. Large public works were produced, from murals to bas-reliefs, which now adorn the Acapulco Convention Center and the Institute for Foreign Trade in Mexico City.
Slide 56: Putumayo World Music • Putumayo World Music was established in 1993 to introduce people to the music of different world cultures. The label grew out of the Putumayo clothing company, founded by Dan Storper in 1975. • Dan Storper created his cultural enterprise around world music. Putumayo brings the music of many cultures to a global market.
Slide 57: Thailand Jim Thompson Jim Thompson established the Thai Silk Company and saved a dying craft and transformed it into a world-class designer brand. He encouraged the Ban Krua weavers of Thailand to work independently, from their own homes, purchasing silk from the local Thai community on a consignment basis in a successful bid to promote competition and maintain quality. Jim Thompson Silk pillows
Slide 58: India Neemrana Group The Neemrana Group, started by Francis Wacziarg and Aman Nath, restores ancient forts and then other heritage structures as unusual and often startling innovative tourism facilities. The Neemrana Foundation now supports craft development, craft retailing and efforts in bringing western orchestras and operas to India’s public. • www.neemranahotels.com Piramal Haveli This was the home of Seth Piramal Chaturbhuj Makharia (1892-1958) whose fortune was made in Bombay, trading in cotton, opium, silver and other commodities. Built in the Rajasthanicolonial style of the 1920's, The Piramal Haveli is an 8-room'non-hotel.'
Slide 59: India Writers Workshop, Kolkata India www.writersworkshopkolkata.com Under the single-handed effort of Professor P. Lai, Writers Workshop has developed a reputation as “India’s answer to the Hogarth Press” Monsoon Poems Writers Workshop, Calcutta 1976
Slide 60: Sri Lanka Barefoot Pvt. Ltd Barbara Sansoni created new designs woven on handlooms creating economic opportunity for women in Sri Lanka.
Slide 61: African Synergy/Pamberi Trust • An organization geared to promoting the furtherance of Arts development in Zimbabwe • Started in Zimbabwe and now extends to much of Southern Africa. Encourages performing, literary and visual artists and groups to promote themselves freely to the world, and to provide for and promote the arts industry in Zimbabwe. Pamberi Trust works on arts development projects in conjunction with the National Arts Council. “Culture industries serve as important catalysts for tolerance, democratic discourse and social awareness of problems such as HIV/AIDS. Artistic expression helps societies to define visions and goals. Nonetheless, tapping Africa’s creative potential hardly features in the mainstream agenda of development professionals.” Mr. Paul Brickhill, Director of the Pamberi Trust in Harare, Zimbabwe
Slide 62: Mystic Maritime Gallery John Mecray, “Columbia vs. Shamrock” The first U.S. art gallery in a museum shop (Mystic Seaport Museum) to offer the work of contemporary artists creating a new market and eventually spawning six for-profit maritime art galleries. Artists’ prices increased, in some cases, more than ten fold over a fifteen year period.
Slide 63: Created traditional New England clambakes at Mystic Seaport, resulting in a profitable catering business.
Slide 64: America’s Cup Mystic Maritime Graphics secured the official license to publish America’s Cup graphics and distributed them globally using the work of American and Australian artists.
Slide 65: Santa Fe International Folk Art Market Where no folk art market existed, in 2004, a market was created that in its first year resulted in the most important international gathering of folk artists and collectors. An excellent example of creating a cultural market.
Slide 66: Museum of New Mexico Foundation Licensing Program The Museum of New Mexico Foundation’s licensing program was established in 1998 to generate essential revenues to help support acquisitions, exhibition development, and educational outreach programs at the Museum of New Mexico. Spanish Diamond Buffet by The Romweber Co. Adapted from a Spanish traveling desk, a vargueño, in the collections at the Museum of International Folk Art, Santa Fe. Arrow Pot Design by Nambe The pot that inspired this piece comes from Acoma Pueblo, ca. 1900 and is part of the collections of the Museum of Indian Arts & Culture, Museum of New Mexico, Santa Fe.
Slide 67: www.newmexicocreates.org www.worldfolkart.org www.shopmuseum.com Barbara and Joseph Cerno Acoma Pueblo An innovative initiative that purchases (over $1million) and markets the work of New Mexican artists and artisans through the Museum of New Mexico Foundation’s Museum shops, creating a statewide economic development impact and support for the Museum of New Mexico.
Slide 68: Manchester Craftsmen’s Guild Manchester Craftsmen's Guild and Bidwell Training Center, Inc., were both founded in 1968. Manchester Craftsmen's Guild is a multi-discipline, minority directed, center for arts and learning that employs the visual and performing arts to foster a sense of accomplishment and hope in the urban community. Its mission is to: • Educate and inspire urban youth through the arts and mentored training in life skills; • Preserve, present and promote jazz and visual arts to stimulate intercultural understanding, appreciation and enhancement of the quality of life; and, • Equip and educate leaders to further demonstrate entrepreneurial potential. Manchester Craftsmen's Guild ceramics studio. Photo courtesy MCG
Slide 69: Little Chief Fry Bread Mix is made with top quality ingredients, ensuring the best products we can provide. Lisa Little Chief was given this recipe by her Great Grandmother to share with future generations. • • • • • • • Competitive Advantages Made by a Native American-owned company Made from an original family recipe All natural. No preservatives. Top-quality ingredients A unique treat for all family members Successfully marketed for more than ten years Multiple uses Makes loaves, balls, and other shapes
Slide 70: Austin Boleman Untitled clay, glass, natural material HandMade in America’s mission is to celebrate the hand and the handmade, to nurture the creation of traditional and contemporary craft, to revere and protect our resources, and to preserve and enrich the spiritual, cultural and community life of our region. Rebecca Anderson, Executive Director As Executive Director for HandMade in America, Becky oversees operations and programs that involve 3,000 citizens and 20 regional partnerships and serves as a consultant for cultural and economic development projects related to crafts.
Slide 71: Artists’ Centers In general, the contemporary discourse on cultural and economic development policy undervalues the significance of space and place in the arts. Arts administrators and funders tend to think organizationally. But many artists and arts fans think instead of a place: a theater space, a gallery, a jazz club, an art crawl, or even an entire arts neighborhood that they love to visit and revisit. Ongoing access to spaces that offer novelty and serendipitous encounters with other artists and art lovers is a great gift for artists. It is not only the events and equipment that matter, but also the networks and friendships formed around them. We argue that “more and better” artists, to use the rather crass terminology of economics, emerge in and are attracted to towns and cities that offer a portfolio of dedicated spaces for learning, networking, exhibition, and sharing tools and workspace. Once there, they contribute to the host economy by exporting their work, contracting with businesses to make them more productive and profitable, stimulating innovation on the part of suppliers, and bringing income and energy to their neighborhoods. Ann Markusen The Arts Economy Initiative Project on Regional and Industrial Economics Humphrey Institute of Public Affairs University of Minnesota February 2006
Slide 72: Academic Programs in Cultural Enterprise • MA in Culture, Creativity, and Entrepreneurship at School of Performance and Cultural Industries (PCI), University of Leeds (Leeds, UK) http://www.leeds.ac.uk/paci/ MA in Cultural and Creative Industries at King’s College London (London, UK) www.kcl.ac.uk/pgp06/programme/80 • Master in Management of Cultural Enterprises at Groupe ESC Dijon Bourgogne (Burgundy School of Business, Dijon-Paris, France) http://www.mastereculture.com/en • MBA in Cultural Enterprises and Institutions (Empresas e instituciones culturales, Madrid, Spain) www.santillanaformacion.com • London Centre for the Arts and Cultural Enterprise (LCACE) (London, UK) www.lcace.org.uk/home.php
Slide 73: ©2008 Thomas H. Aageson Executive Director Museum of New Mexico Foundation Post Office Box 2065 Santa Fe, New Mexico 87504-2065 505. 982.6366 ext. 110 tom@museumfoundation.org